Indo-European Table with Slavic, Baltic, Greek, Latin, Tocharian, Anatolian, Gaelic, Latin, Italian, French & Etruscan Indo-European Table 1, Etruscan Vocabulary, Etruscan Phrases, with Indo-European cognates
06.23.2020 Etruscan etymological relationships to other Indo-European languages; Proto-Indo-European (PIE):




Etruscan_Phrases
Indo-European Table 1, Part 7

by Mel Copeland

(from a work published in 1981)





Etruscan_Phrases

 by Mel Copeland

(from a work published in 1981)






Table 1, Section 1C: Indo-European words as they relate to Etruscan. Notes: *Armenian W = West Armenian; E = East Armenian.


Sanskrit


Avestan, Persian, Georgian, Hurrian, Akkadian


Slavic, Baltic, Romanian,
Finnish-Uralic


Greek, Armenian*, Albanian, Basque


Latin

other

English

Etruscan



arhati, please, prīṇāti or prīṇayati, to please, delight,  to please, gladden,
rejoice, delight in, wish to please or
propitiate; daks,
daksati, -te
, to
satisfy, please, be able or strong; chad & chand, chantti, chandati, chadayati (te), to seem, appear, please




zaosha [-], agreement, wish (Avestan)
khvsh,
خوش delighted, pleased, khvshhal, خوشحال  pleased,  movâfeqat kardan, موافقت كردن to agree, consent, follow,  sâxgâr sodan, سازگار بودن, to agree, accord  (Persian)

გთხოვთ
, gtkhovt, to please (Georgian)

pic̟
-, glad, to rejoice,
piṣu=še, pleasure, piṣu-šə, pleasure, joy (Urartian)
piʒ-
, pleased, glad, to rejoice,
an-, to be pleased (Hurrian)





gamālu, to please, save, to spare, to come to an agreement, maḫāru, to please, correspond in size, be in agreement, be equal, to pray to a deity, etc., naāšu, to be pleasing, in good health, prosper, to be rich, napardû, to become pleased, joyous, cheerful, cheer up, cheerful, to become Illuminated, bright, brighten, illuminate, to make to make clear, explicit,   ṭābu, to please, to make pleasing, good, sound, sweet, satisfy, to heal, make healthy, to improve, prepare, sweet, to refine, to make  happy, to repair, tarāṣu, pleasing,  to be honest, proper, to manage, etc.,  (Akkadian)
























дагадзіць,
dahadzić, to please (Belarusian)
zadovoljiti, to please (Croatian),
prosze, to please
(Polish)


lūgt, to please (Latvian)
a multumi, to please, PLAC, please, I am pleased (Romanian)
miellyttää, to please (Finnish-Uralic)

για να ευχαριστήσει, gia na efcharistísei, to please, προσφέρω, prosfero, I offer (Greek)
το խնդրեմ, to khndrem, to please (Armenian)


për të kënaqur, Ju lutem, to please, pëlqej,  like (Albanian)

mesedez, laket izan, to please (Basque)


placeo-ere-ui and
itus, um, itum



le do thoil, to please (Irish)

gu thoil, to please (Scott)
i blesio, plesio, to please;  boddio, to please, satisfy, gratify, humor;
  (Welsh)
placere, to please (Italian)
plaire, to please (French)



ciñcär (adj.)  [B cäñcare, ciñcare], pleasant, lovely, delightful, [B, wīna], pleasure, A/B plāk, agreed, to be agreed on,  (Tocharian)







tuskruant, glad, happy, tali, pleasant,
tallies, talies, to be pleasant, sanezziahh, sanetsiah, pleasant, to make pleasant,  ssanezzies, anetsies, to become pleasant, sanetsisanitsi,
pleasant, tasty, outstanding, excellent, first-class, fragrant,
assu- (SIG5), pleasant, good, agreeable (Hittite)









to please, [<Lat. placere], be
agreeable, [<OFr. agreer]

7-1

plak, Script Q351




samaḥ, plain, level, carpata, adj., flat; prastirna, adj., spread, extended, flat

paxt, hamvâr, adj., flat, hamvâr, هموار هموار flat, horizontal, even, sâf,  صاف flat, even, broad, phanydan, پهنیدن  to flatten, expand  (Persian)

ბინა bina, flat (Georgian)


labnu, flat, shallow (Akkadian)




кватэра, kvatera, flat (Belarusian)
ravan
, flat (Croatian)

plaski
, plasko
flat (Polish)
plakans, flat (Latvian) aplatiza, flatten, plane, flat,  flat-u, flat- was used for old Rom. (Romanian)
tasainen, flat (Finnish-Uralic)




διαμέρισμα, diamérisma, flat, epipedos,
diamerisma, flat (Greek)
բնակարան, bnakaran, flat (Armenian)
i sheshtë, flat,  rrafshët, flat, adj. (Albanian)

laua, flat (Basque)
,
planus-a-um, even,
flat


árasán, flat (Irish)
rèidh , flat (Scott)
fflat, adj., flat (Welsh)
plano, adj. flat, piatto, flat (Italian)
plat, adj. (French)




ફ્લેટ, Phlēṭa, flat (Gujarati)
düz, flat (Turkish)

тегіс, tegis, adj., flat, пәтер, päter, n. flat (Kszakh)
tekis, flat, (Uzbek)





ҳамвор, hamvor, flat (Tajik)
жалпак, jalpak, flat (Kyrgyz)
хавтгай, khavtgai, flat (Mongolian
平,
Píng, adj. flat (Traditional Chinese)

plhamn, flat, spread out (Luvian)


istalk, flatten, to level, plha, flatten, to spread out, salnu, flatten, to melt down a wax figure,
siyāi-, flatten, to stamp, to open by pushing, to draw, to seal, to cover with a seal, to run, flow    (Hittite)













flat [<ON flatr]

7-2

plano (PLANV)
Script N87
planes, Script
N469, N505

mmud, odate, be glad or merry, rejoice, agree to, approve of, applaud, permit;
man, manyate, -ti, manute, to think, believe, esteem, honour, approve
sādhukāra, exclamation well done, applause; sādhudhvani, the sound of applause,
tāḍayati, to strike, beat

 



fryn goftan, افرین گفتن to acclaim, applaud, clap, sotudan, ستودن  to admire, applaud, eulogise, kaf zadan, کف زدن applaud, clap,
zadan, 
زدن to strike, afflict, slap, etc., zadan, زدن  to beat, etc. (Persian)
მივესალმებით,
mivesalmebit, to applaud,
გაფიცვა, gapitsva, to strike, ცემა, tsema, to beat  (Georgian)

id-, to strike, nan-, to strike down an enemy,
nan + ki, striking weapon (Hurrian)




šaqû, to applaud,
to exalt, to extol, to praise, to raise to a higher level, to make higher, build, to grow high, to rise, to rise in value, etc., karātu, to strike, to cut off, break off, maqātu, to strike down, overpower, to fall down, etc, (Akkadian)







пляскаць у далоні, pliaskać u daloni, to applaud, ударыць, udaryć, to strike, біць, bić, to beat (Belarusian)
plakati, to applaud, pogoditi, to strike, pobijediti, to beat (Croatian)
bić brawo, to applaud, clap, to clap, uderzyć, to strike, pobić, to beat (Polish)
aplaudēt, to applaud, streikot, to strike, sist, to beat (Latvian)
aplauda
, to applaud,
a greva, to strike, a bate, to beat (Romanian)
taputtaa, to applalud, iskeä, to strike, lyödä, to beat (Finnish-Uralic)

να επικροτήσουν, na epikrotísoun, cheirokroto,
applaud,
να απεργήσω, na apergíso, to strike, να νικήσει, na nikísei, to beat  (Greek)
ծափահարել, tsap’aharel, to applaud, գործադուլ անել, gortsadul anel, to strike, ծեծել, tsetsel, to beat (Armenian)
për të duartrokitur, to applaud, aprovoj, applaud,
për grevë, to strike, për të rrahur, to beat (Albanian)

txalotzekoa, to applaud,
greba egiteko, to strike,
garaitzeko, to beat (Basque)


plaudo [plodo]
plaudere, plausi,
plausum, to clap, beat, stamp, applaud


a mhealladh, to applaud, dul ar stailc, to strike, chun buille, to beat (Irish)
a 'moladh, to applaud, air stailc, to strike, a bhualadh, to beat (Scott)
i gymeradwyo, to applaud, to approve,
recommend, commend,
curo dwylo, to clap, applaud,
i streicio, to strike, i guro, to beat (Welsh)
applaudire, to applaud,
colpire, to strike, battere, to beat (Italian)
applaudir,
to applaudto applaud, frapper, to strike, battre, to beat (French)

બિરદાવો,
Biradāvō, applaud, પ્રહાર કરવા, Prahāra karavā, to strike, હરાવવુ, Harāvavu, to beat (Gujarati)
alkışlamak, to applaud, grev, to  strike, dövmek, to beat (Turkish)
қол шапалақтау, qol şapalaqtaw, to applaud, соққы беру, soqqı berw, to strike, ұру, urw, to beat (Kazakh)
olqishlamoq, to applaud, urmoq, to strike, beat (Uzbek)

ба чапакзанӣ,
ʙa capakzanī, to applaud, зарба мезанад, zarʙa mezanad, to strike, мезананд, mezanand, to beat (Tajik)
кол чабуу,
kol çabuu, to applaud, иш таштоо, iş taştoo, to strike, уруп, urup, to beat (Kyrgyz)
алга таших, alga tashikh, to applaud, хаях, khayakh, to strike, цохих, tsokhikh, to beat (Mongolian)
鼓掌, Gǔzhǎng, to applaud, 罷 工,  Bàgōng, to strike, 擊 敗,  Jíbài, to beat (Traditional Chinese)



koṣta, to strike, kärn- [B kärn-], to strike, beat (Tocharian)



tub(e)i-: 3rd tubidi, 3rd pl. tubeit, to strike (Lycian)

tub(e)i-: 3rd tubidi, to strike (Mylian)



#tupi, to beat, tsah/tsahh, tsah/tsh, to beat, to hit, walhannāi-, to beat, to hit, walhesr/ walhesn, to strike a blow, ualh, walh, to strike, hit, walh-, (GUL), to strike, attack, hazziknu-, to strike, hit, beat, fight, hazziya-, to strike, push, stab, zah-, to strike, dammeshāi-, to strike, punish, to damage, kuen-, kuask-, to strike, hit, kill, piran k. , to strike at the head (Hittite)issent



to clap, beat, [<OE, bēatan], stamp, applaud, [<Lat. applaudere, to applaud, to applaud], clap, approve, [<approbare, to make good], be pleased with, strike, [<OE, strīcan],





7-3

plato (PLATV)
Script N139

plotin, plutin
(PLVTIN),
Script Z1265
(verb, 3rd pers. pl)


 

 garbhiṇī, pregnant, bharita, adj., filled, full of; apita, adj.,
turgid, swelled, full
, pūrṇa, full, 

por, پر , full, plump, pregnant, solid, stuffed, etc., sir, سیر, full, satiated, garlic, disgusted,  bârdâr, باردار,  expecting, fertile, pregnant, hamlh, حامله,  pregnant, with child,  expecting, âbestan, آبستن,  pregnant, with child, gravid, big (Persian)

akka, full (Yagnobian);
d.ak, full (Pushtu)


სრული
, sruli, full,
ორსული,
orsuli, pregnant (Georgian)

gamru, finished, settled, terminated, whole, complete, kalu, whole, entirety, all, gimirtu, whole, totality, army’s main force, erû, pregnant, to be pregnant, to conceive, to impregnate, erītu, pregnant woman or animal, šutakubu, to reach fullness, full strength, tagmirtu, completion, fullness  (Akkadian)

поўны, poŭny, full,  цяжарная, ciažarnaja, pregnant (Belarusian)
puni, full, trudna, pregnant (Croatian)
pełny
, full,
w ciąży
, pregnant  (Polish)
pilna, full,
grūtniece, pregnant (Latvian)
deplin, PLIN, full,
gravidă, pregnant (Romanian)
koko, full, Raskaana, pregnant (Finnish-Uralic)


 


γεμάτος, gemátos, full, pliris,  full, έγκυος, énkyos,
pregnant (Greek)

լի, li, full, հղի, hghi, pregnant (Armenian)
i plotë, full,  shtatzënë, pregnant (Albanian)

oso, beta, full, haurdun, pregnant (Basque) 


plenus-a-um, full, pregnant

iomlán, full, ag iompar clainne, pregnant (Irish)
làn, full, trom, pregnant (Scott)
llawn, full, beichiog, pregnant (Welsh)
pleno, pieno, full, incinta, pregno, pregnant (Italian)
plein, full, enceinte, pregnant (French)


tam, full, complete, whole, precise, tok,  full, satiated, hamile, pregnant (Turkish)
to'la, full, homilador, pregnant,
(Uzbek)

пурра, purra, full,
пур, pur, full, entire, ҳомиладор, homilador, pregnant (Tajik)
толук, toluk, full, боюнда бар, boyunda bar, pregnant (Kyrgyz)
дүүрэн, düüren, full, жирэмсэн, jiremsen, pregnant (Mongolian)
充分, Chōngfèn, full, ample, abundant, 孕, Yùn, pregnant (Traditional Chinese)   
 

suaru, full (Palaic)

suus,
so, sosoau
full, sunatsiant, to fill to the brim, suwai, to fill,
suwant-, full, filled, soaru, full, complete, anku/nku, fully, pai/ispi, full, to get full, be filled, be satiated, armae, rmae, rmuant, to be pregnant, rmah-, to make pregnant, to become pregnant, to sleep with,
armawantis, pregnant, (Hittite)
















full [<OE full], full of, pregnant, [<Lat. praegnans],

7-4

plenas, Script R-8, R107
roditi, weep, śocati, mourn gerye kardan, گریه کردن  to weep, cry, svgvary kardan, سوگواری کردن  to mourn (Persian)
ტირილი
, t’irili, cry, to weep, გლოვა, glova, to  mourn (Georgian)


damāmu, to mourn,
dīmtu, weeping, tear, lallaru, mourner, wailer, anāsu, weeping , dīmtu, weeping, tear, šaggumūtu, wailing, roaring, urubātu, weeping, wailing
(Akkadian)
галасіць,  halasić, weep, Аплакваць, aplakvać, mourn, плакаць, plakać, to weep, cry (Belarusian)
plakati, weep, cry, tugovati, mourn (Croatian)
płakać, to  weep, opłakiwać, to mourn (Polish)
raudāt, to weep, cry, sērot, mourn (Latvian)
plângă, to weep, cry, mourn, PLÂNG, I mourn, I cry, jeli, mourn, lament  (Romanian)
itkeä, to cry, weep, surra, mourn (Finnish-Uralic) 


κλαίω, klaío, weep, θρηνώ,  thrinó , mourn, να κλαψω, na klapso, to cry, weep, wail  (Greek)
Լաց
, lats’, weep, սգում, sgum, mourn,
լացել, lats’el, to cry, գոռալ, gorral, to scream, shout, yell, cry  (Armenian)
qaj, to weep, whimper, mourn, cry, vajtoj, mourn (Albanian)

negarrez, weeping, dolua, mourn, deitoratu, to mourn, negar egin, lantu, to cry (Basque)

  լաց
pluo, pluere, to weep
caorach, weep, brón, mourn, go caoin, to cry (Irish)
gràin, weep,
caoidh, mourn, a chaoineadh, to cry (Scott)
gwenwch, weep,
galar, mourn, i grio, to cry (Welsh) 
plangere
,
piangere, weep, mourn, cry (Italian)
pleurer, to cry, mourn, weep, 
crier, to cry, shout, scream (French)


રડવું, Raḍavuṁ, to weep, cry, શોક કરવો, Śōka karavō, to mourn (Gujarati)
жылау, to cry, weep (Kazakh)

yig'lamoq, to weep, cry, mourn (Uzbek)

гиря кардан, girja kardan, to weep, mourn cry (Tajik)
ыйлоо, ıyloo, to weep, cry, кайгыруу, kaygıruu, to mourn (Kyrgyz)
уйлах, uilakh, to weep, cry, гашуудах, gashuudakh, to mourn (Mongolian)
哭 泣, Kūqì, to weep, 哭, Kū, to cry, 悼, dao, to mourn, grieve, lament (Traditional Chinese)

A/B, nu-, to cry out (Tocharian)

pluadla
, festival crier,
paluae, to cry out, pluae, cry out, to shout for joy, to cheer, oeske/oieske/oiske/a, wiwa/wiwi  uai/ui, uai/ui, tishahruwa-, to cry, uiiae, uiie/a, wai/wi, wiae, wie/a, halzi to cry out, wiwiskdla, crier, halzissa/halziss, halziie/a, to cry out, call, ishahruue/a, to weep, to cry (Hittite)
weep [<OE wēpan] over, mourn [<OE murnan],
to cry, [<OFr. crier], grieve, [<Lat. grevare, to oppress],

7-5
plio (PLIV), Script K45
bālaḥ, boy, kaniṣṭha, young ýûnãm [ýavan], youth, young man Avestan)

javâni جوانی youth, barna, برنا adolescent, youth (Persian)
ახალგაზრდ
ბიჭი, akhalgazrda bich’i, young boy (Georgian)


aršə, young people, children (Urartian)

ajaru, young man, eṭlu, young man, man, lillidu, young, mature young of animals, offspring of humans and flocks, māru, young, offspring, offspring of an animal, descendant, son, son (used as a form of address), atmu, young, small animal, fledgling, young man, lakû, young, suckling, infant, suckling child, kalūmu, young, the young of an animal, male lamb (Akkadian)
малады хлопчык, malady chlopčyk, young boy (Belarusian)
Mladi dječak, young boy (Croatian)
młody chłopiec, young boy (Polish)
jauns zēns, young boy (Latvian)
băiat, young boy (Romanian)
nuori poika, young boy (Finnish-Uralic)
νεαρό αγόρι, nearó agóri, young boy (Greek)
Երիտասարդ տղա, Yeritasard tgha, young boy (Armenian)
djalë i ri, young boy (Albanian)

gaztea, young man, mutil gaztea, young boy (Basque)





puellus-i, a little boy, iuvenis, young
buachaill óg, young boy (Irish)
balach òg, young boy (Scott)

bachgen ifanc, young boy (Welsh)
giovane ragazzo, young boy (Italian)
jeune garçon, young boy (French)


genç erkek, young boy (Turkish)
жас бала,
jas bala, young boy, bala, boy (Kazakh)
yosh bola, young boy (Uzbek)

писари хурдсол, pisari xurdsol, young boy (Tajik)

жаш бала, jaş bala, young boy (Kyrgyz)

залуу хүү, zaluu khüü, young boy (Mongolian)


maiantes, young man, to become a young man, to become young again, maiantadr /maiantan, young adulthood, youth, youthful vigor, ammiyant-, kappi-, young, small (Hittite)
young boy / cherub

little boy [<ME boi] or young [<OE geong] boy?
7-6
polesi, pulesi (PVLESI), MS21


polesi, pulesi (PVLESI) Script TC179, TC213,


vivada, quarrel, contest, dispute, debate; vad, vadati, -te, to speak, raise the voice, sing,
sound, discuss,
dispute or quarrel about; simavada, dispute over boundaries,
vicāraḥ, discussion, raṇapriya, warlike, 
saṃnahyati, to take arms, 
viroghaḥ, war,
saṃyugaḥ, battle, struggle, 
kṣattṛ, charioteer


spâdhem, arm (Avestan)
stadlal kardan,
استدلال کردن,  to argue, bahs kardan, بحث کردن,  to argue, debate, dispute, bahs, بحث,   polemic, controversy, dispute, jang, جنگ, war, battle, struggle, razam, رزم, battle, combat, struggle, war (Persian)
დაპირისპირება,
controversy,
არგუმენტი, argument’i, argument, დავა, dava, dispute, ბოჭკოვანი, boch’k’ovani, bellicose, ომი, omi, war, ბრძოლა, brdzola, battle, fight, struggle, combat (Georgian)



hur-ade, warrior (Hurrian)




ṣalûtu, dispute, to hold a disputation, gerû, to make war, to quarrel, to start a lawsuit, to be hostile, to open up hostilities, karašu,campaigning army, army expeditionary force, army encampment, camp, kaṣāru, to set up a battle array, assemble, collect, compose a text, etc.,
dapniš, dappānu, warlike manner, warlike, ṣēru, to go to war (Akkadian)










палеміка, paliemika, controversy, аргумент, arhumient, argument,  спрэчка, sprečka, dispute, ваяўнічы, vajaŭničy, warlike, вайна, vajna, war, бітва, bitva, battle  (Belarusian)  polemika, controversy, argument, diskusija, argument, discussion, rasprava, dispute, ratoboran, warlike, rat, war, vojska, army, vojnik, soldier, bitka, battle, borba, fight, fighting, battle, combat  (Croatian)

spor, controversy, argument argument, plea, spierać się, dispute, wojowniczy, warlike, polemiczny, polemic, wojna, war, bitwa, battle
(Polish)

karja, battle; kar'aut, to battle, karas, war (Baltic-Sudovian)
strīdi, controversy, arguments, argument, strīds, dispute, kareivīgs, warlike,
karš, war, cīņa, fight, battle, wrestling, kauja, battle, fighting, combat  (Latvian)
controversă, controversy, argument, argument, reason,
disputa, dispute, belicos, warlike POLEMICĂ, polemic, dispute, paper war,
război, war, luptă, fight, battle, combat,
bătălie, battle, fight, engagement, field
(Romanian)
kiista, controversy, Perustelu, argument, riita, dispute, sotaisa, warlike,
sota, war,
taistelu, battle, fight, struggle, combat, war (Finnish-Uralic) 

αμφισβήτηση, amfisvítisi, controversy,  διαφωνία, diafonía, argument,  δημόσια συζήτηση, dimósia syzítisi debate, πολεμική, polemikí, controversy, argumentative, warlike, πολεμοχαρής, polemocharís, warlike, πόλεμος, pólemos, war, μάχη, máchi, battle, fight
(Greek)
հակասություններ,
hakasut’yunner, controversy, փաստարկ, p’astark, argument, վեճ, vech, dispute, պատերազմական,
paterazmakan, warlike,
պատերազմը, paterazmy, war, մարտ, mart, battle (Armenian)
polemikë, controversy, argument, argument? diskutim, dispute, luftarak, warlike, debat, debate, controversy,
luftë, war (Albanian)

polemika, controversy, bataila, borroka, battle,
gerra egitea, to wage war, gerra, guda, war (Basque)



հակասություններ


controversiae-arum;
arguo uere-ui-utum,
to put in a clear
light, declare, prove,
bellicus, warlike,
proelium-i, battle, conflict, pugna-ae, battle, fight,
vasa-orum, war materials, equipment,
Martius, adj. of Mars, warlike



conspóid, controversy, díospóid, dispute, argóint, argument, cogaidh, warlike, cogadh, war, cath, battle (Irish)
connspaid, controversy, deasbad, dispute, argamaid, argument, cogadh, warlike, cogadh, war, blàr, battle (Scott)
dadi
-euon-au, controversy, argument, debate,
anghydfod, dispute, rhyfeddol, warlike, Rhyfel, war, brwydr, battle (Welsh)
polemica, controversia, controversydiscussione, argument, debate, bellicoso, warlike, guerra, war, battaglia, battle (Italian)

polémique, controverse, controversy, argument, argument, débat, debate, guerrier, warlike,
guerre, war, guerroyer, to wage war, bataille, battle, fight, sword (French)


યુદ્ધ, Yud'dha, war, battle, સંઘર્ષ,
Saṅgharṣa, conflict, strife, confrontation, battle, combat, war (Gujarati)
savaş, war, battle, struggle (Turkish)
соғыс, soğıs, war, combat, шайқас, şayqas, battle, combat (Kazakh)
urush, war, battle, beating (Uzbek)
ҷанг, çang, war, battle (Tajik)
согуш, soguş, war, салгылашуу, salgılaşuu, battle (Kyrgyz)
дайн, dain, war, battle, тулаан, tulaan, battle (Mongolian)
戰爭, Zhànzhēng, war, conflict, 戰鬥, Zhàndòu, battle, fight, 仗, Zhàng, battle (Traditional Chinese)
 





kuñaś, fight, conflict, 

kläṅk- [B kläṅk-], contest, fight, doubt, kṣatri* [B kṣatriye], warrior, nobleman (Tocharian)



wazzis, an army, wazala, a warrior, erbbe-: L erbbi, DLpl. erbbe, AblI erbbedi, war, zxxa-: 3rd pl. pret. zxxãte, inf. zxxãna, to fight zxxaza-:  Gpl. zxxazãi, DLpl. Zxxaza + of a warrior zxxazi(je)-:

DLpl. zxxazije, warrior

(Lycian)


erbbe-: DL erbbi, G adj. N erbbesi, war (Mylian)


kururiiahh, to wage war on, kororiah, wage war, hostility, kururiyahh->, to make war, revolt,  ur-, war, to burn, gimra-, war, field, lahhiyala-, man of war, soldier, lahha pāi-, to war, go on a campaign, to go on a trip, tsahai/tsahi, warfare, battle, tsahtsahie/a, zahzahiie/a, to battle fiercely, halluwāi-, conflict, hullanza->, battle, hullanza-, hullanzāi-, hullezzi, battle, to fight, hullanzāin h, − zahhāin, to give battle,  zahhāi-, (), zahhiya->  battle, to fight, zahhiee/a, to battle fiercely sullātar, argument, quarrel, arrogance, sulliya-, arrogant, to become arrogant, to argue, to quarrel, scold, rebuke, sullae, sulliie/a, sulles, sule, sules to become arrogant, sulle, to be arrogant, sallakartae, to offend someone through arrogance, sarkaliya-, arrogant, to be arrogant, feel superior,   (Hittite)





argument, discussion, debate [<OFr. debattre]
controversy [<Lat.
controversus-a
um
], polemic; war [<ONFr. werre, of Gmc. origin], dispute [<Lat. disputare, to examine],
battle, [<LLat.battualia, fighting and fencing exercises]

7-7

polomk
(PVLVMiK)
,
Script Au68, POLOMiKU  (PVLVMiKF)
Au99

See also,
1-142:
"war, battle,"
BeLE, Script M13;
BeLeM, Script M67

"Army, Soldiers,"
armi, TC222
Script Q53,
armai, S-37,
armone,

(ARMVNE) Q52,
māṃsa, flesh, meat, also said of flesh, pulp of fruit, kāmaḥ, carnality, majjā, pulp, asthi, bone,  ad, to eat






asta [ast-], bone,

kehrp [-], flesh, ad [-], to eat, to say, (Avestan)
gusht, گوشت flesh, meat, استخوان ostokhân, bone, lâsh, lâshe,  لاشه corpse (Persian)

ხორცი, khortsi, flesh, ცელულოზა, tseluloza, pulp, ძვალი, dzvali, bone (Georgian)

'uzi, meat, at-, to eat (Hurrian)

ḫakurratu, a cut of meat used in sacrafices,

eṣemtu, bone, frame of the body, a measure,

lipištu, fleshy or membranous substance, a plant, offspring (Akkadian) 

плоць, ploć, flesh, мяса, miasa, meat, միսпульпа, puĺpa, pulp, костка, kostka, bone (Belarusian)
meso, flesh, meat, pulpa, pulp, kost, bone (Croatian)
estun, est; edais!
eat! edis, food (Baltic-Sudovian)

mīkstums, flesh, pulp,
gaļa, meat, veal, flesh, kauls, bone, ēst, to eat (Latvian)
carne, flesh, meat, pulpă, pulp, os, bone  (Romanian)
liha, flesh, meat, massa, pulp,
luu, bone (Finnish-Uralic)
σάρκα, sárka, flesh, κρέας, kréas, meat, πολτός, poltós, pulp, mash, οὐσία, ousia, essence, substance, οστό, ostó, bone   (Greek)
մարմինը, marminy, flesh, միս, mis, meat,  Ցելյուլոզ, TS’elyuloz, pulp, ոսկոր, voskor, bone (Armenian)
mish, flesh, meat, tul, pulp, kockë, bone (Albanian)

hezur, bone,
haragi, flesh, haragia, meat, okela, meat, beef (Basque)  
marminy
pulpa-ae, flesh, pulp,
caro-carnis, flesh, steak, meat
os-ossis, bone
edo, edere and esse, edi, esum, to eat, devour
feoil, meat, laíon, pulp, cnámh, bone, Ith, to eat (Irish)
feòil, flesh,
meat, bualadh, pulp, cnàimh, bone (Scott) cnawd
cnawd, flesh, cig, meat, mwydion, pulp, asgwrn, bone, corff, body (Welsh)
carne, flesh, meat, polpa, pulp, flesh, osso, bone (Italian)
chair, flesh, pulpe, pulp, viande, meat, mash, os, bone (French)

et, flesh, meat, beef, pulp (Turkish)

ет, et, flesh, meat (Kazakh)
go'sht, meat, flesh (Uzbek)
ҷисм, çism, flesh, torso, гӯшт, gūşt, meat (Tajik)
дене, dene, flesh, эт, et, meat (Kyrgyz)
мах, makh, meat, махан бие,  makhan biye, flesh (biye, body) (Mongolian)
肉, Ròu,meat, flesh, beef (Traditional Chinese)  

  āy, [B āy] bone(s), mísa, meat, flesh (Tocharian)

misa, meat? (Lycian)

hastāi, has, bone (Luvian)
ata, to eat (Palaic)
et-, ud-, to eat (Nesian)
at, ed, ēzzi, ed/ad, ezza/ezz to eat, azzikk-, to eat again, to ador, arha ed-, to eat everything up,


prku(i), hastai, meat, body part or pure cut of meat, hastāi, bone, strength, power, “pure bone,” has, bone, hastai/hasti, #hastijas, haštái, bones, witris, bone, skin disease (Hittite)

flesh, [<OE flaesc]pulp, meat, [<OE, mete, food], bone, [<OE, b ān],

to eat [<OE etan];
7-8

Se also,
2-27:
"Body, Flesh, Meat",
3-151, "to eat,"


pulpe (PVLPE) Script R22, R79,
See also,
6-81:

os (VS) Script ZB-3, Z176, Z455, Z1006, Z1243, Z1386, TC260, TC271, AJ17, DL-7, N236, R661, PO-7, ZB-3, Z176, Z455, Z1006, Z1243, Z1386, TC260, TC271, AJ17, DL-7, N236, R661, PQ-5
osa (OSA), Script, PD-1, TB-3

2-27:
carna, Script Z1216;
carnal, Script Z1243; carnis, Script Z1177;
karne
, Script R219, R238;
karnos,
(KARNVS)
, Script
Q701, R511,

3-151:
esi, Script Z537,
Z918, Z1203,
Z1282, Z1326,
TC38, BT-5,
AN-22


esi ce (ESI Ce), Script BT-5
eso (ESV), Script N74, Q887, R-1, R100, R238, R286, MS14
x māšu, twin, the constellation Gemini, a star, a measure (Akkadian) x

Πολυδεύκης, Poludeúkēs and Κάστωρ, Castor, the Gemini Twins (Dioscouri)

Castor and Pollux
x Pollux, brother of Helen of Troy, one of the Dioscuri

7-9
Poltucei (PVLTVCEI) Script DA-3

āḍambaraḥ, ostentation, pomp, khuralīṁ kārayati, parade of troops, jaitrayAtrA,
triumphal procession;
yAtrotsava,
festive procession;
khalūrikā, a parade, place for military exercise


reze, reze raftan, to parade (Persian)
ღლუმი, aghlumi, parade (Georgian)

mašdaḫu, processional road, procession (Akkadian)



парад, parad, parade, хвальба, chvaĺba, ostentation (Belarusian)
parada, parade, šepurenje, ostentation (Croatian)
parada, parade,
ostentacja, ostentation (Polish)
parāde, parade,
izrādīšana, ostentation (Latvian)
paradă, parade,
ostentaţie, ostentation (Romanian)
paraati, parade, mahtailu, ostentation (Finnish-Uralic)

παρέλαση, parélasi, parade kamno, parade, επίδειξη, epídeixi, ostentation (Greek)
շքերթը, shk’ert’y, parade, ցուցադրություն, ts’uts’adrut’yun, ostentation (Armenian) paradë, parade, salltanet, ostentation   (Albanian)


pompa-ae, a
solemn procession,
retinue, parade


paráid, parade (Irish)
caismeachd, parade, sgaoileadh, ostentation (Scott)
gorymdaith, parade, rhwysg, sway, pompe, fling (Welsh)
parata, parade, pompa, pomp; eria, suffix, "place where made" (Italian)
parade, parade,  pompe, pomp (French)



niasha, procession (Hittite)




name, Pomperias?
pomp?
parade
[<Lat. paro-are, to prepare]?

7-10

Pomperias
(PVMPERIAS)
,
Script Q10

x

x

x

x

Pompeius or
Pompeius- a-um
,
name of Roman
gens; Pompeii-orum
 
town

x

name, Pompeius,

7-11

Pompoi (PVMPVI),
Script TC90 (2nd decl. nom. pl?)

kship, kshipaami, I put, vaste, to put on dress, dattā, put to or betrothed to, sūcayati, to suggest


gozâstan, گذاشتن to put, set, attach, place, dadan,
دادن to  allow, donate, accord, put (Persian)
raketin, to put,
(Kurdish)
დადება, dadeba, to put, მოათავსეთ, moatavset, to place, პოზირება,
p’ozireba
, to pose

(Georgian)

naḫḫ-, place, to set, sit down, keb-, to place, to set, put, eše, place, earth, (Hurrian)



kânu, to place, assign a person to a position, to last, to be secure, to place an object correctly, karāru, to place, to put an object in place, to set, to set up, to lay a foundation, to throw, cast, etc. (Akkadian)
















паставіць, pastavić, to put, да месца, da miesca, to place, прадстаўляць,
pradstaŭliać, to pose, даваць, davać, to give (Belarusian)
pakladac, v. imp., paklasci, v. perf.; klasci, v. imp. laeint, to place; statinet, to set, det, to place (Belarus)
staviti, to put, na mjesto, to place, pozirati, to pose, dati, to give (Croatian)
położyć, to put, do miejsca, to place, klasc, place, pozować, to pose, dawać, to give (Polish)
ielikt, to put, novietot, to place, pozēt, to pose, dot, to give (Latvian)
a pune, to put,  PUNE, he/she put, a plasa, to place, a prezenta, to pose, a da, to give (Romanian)
laittaa, to put, sijoittaa, to place, poseerata, to pose (Finnish-Uralic)

να βαλω, na valo, to put, στον τόπο, ston tópo, to place, να θέσει, na thései, to pose, το να δίνεις, to na díneis, to give (Greek)
դնել, dnel, to put, տեղադրելու համար, teghadrelu hamar, to place, դրսեւորելու համար, drsevorelu hamar, to pose, տալ, tal, to give (Armenian)
te vendosesh, to put, në vend të, to place, te pozosh, to pose (Albanian)


pono, ponere, posui, positum [postum], to lay, put, place, set, to put in place, settle, to put aside, lay down, discard, to lay to rest, lay out for burial, milit. to post, station, of money, etc., to store, deposit; to put (food) on table, to serve, to found, set up buildings, set up laws, establish, ordain, appoint, reprepresent, picture, to reckon count, regard, assert, cite


Cuir, to put, le háit, to place, údar, to pose, Tabhair, to give (Irish)
a chuir, to put, gu àite, to place, suidheachadh, to pose, a thoirt, to give (Scott)
i rhoi, to put,  i roi, rhoi (rhoddi), to give, bestow, yield, confer, grant, impart, put, ascribe i osod, to place, yn peri, to pose,  dodi, to put, place, lay, give; gosod, to put, place, set, lay, fix, mount, locate, affix, attach, let, appoint, assign;(Welsh)
mettere, to put, piazzare, to place,  posare, porre, vt.:
pongo, poni, pone, to put, place, supppose, dare, to give (Italian)
mettre, to put,  poser, pose, placer, to place, put, position, to put, donner, to give (French)

klu(ṣ)- to publish, make clear (Tocharian)


ciciciti, cetu, zazati, he puts, ta, tuwe-: 3rd tuweti, 3rd pl. tuwti, 1st pret. tuwax(a), 3rd pret. tuwete/tuwet, 3rd imper. tuwetu,

iterative 3rd pl. tusñti, to put, place,


pddat, pddãt-: L pddãti, G adj. D pddãtahi; pddn-: NA pdd, DLpl. pddne, place, ta-: 3rd tadi, 3rd pl. tãti, 3rd pret. tad, 3rd pl. pret. tãt, 3rd pl. imper. tãtu, inf. tãne/tane; (iterative) 3rd pl. tasñti, to put (Lycian)
iterative tus-: 3rd tustti, place, ta-: 3rd tadi, to put (Mylian)

pidata, pidatant, pddat, place (tuwe, to place, tu(wa), place, to erect, Luvian)




kikki, te-, #te-, tāi-, ti-, piran d., katta u. to put, dai/ti, tiie/a, dāi-, tiya-> to put, place, lay, tiie/a, tie/a, place onself, to go stand, to step, to set in, titnu, to put, install, to seat, #guta, enclosed place, pedasah, to place, install, deposit, peda, place, location, position, locality, pdden, place, precinct, pedi-ssi, at his place, pedasah, to place, install, to deposit, #pedan, pieti, pídi, pēda-, pedant-, a place, sarkuue/a, to put on footware, #waša-, waša-, to put on, kistanu-, to put out (Hittite)

















to put [>ME putten], place [<Gk. plateia (hodos), broad (street)], set [<OE settan], lay
[<OE lecgan], pose [<Lat. pono, ponere, posui, positum]

7-12



pone (PVNE), Script N-1, N100, N112, N123, N160, N206, N341, N553, Q127, Q152, Q202, Q209, Q893, R56, R278, R370, R542, R619
pones (PVNES)
, Script Q209, Q906, R633
poni (PVNI)
, Script N21, N63, N216, N280, N333, N444,
N483, N522, N582, N624, N660, N725,
Q74, Q194, Q273, Q311, R278, R314,
R325, R394, R437, R447

dhūmala, smoke-colored, purple, nīlalohita, purple


banafs, arqavâni,
adj, purple
(Persian)
მეწამული, mets’amuli, purple (Georgian)

illû, purple wool or a second quality (Akkadian)

фіялетавы, fijalietavy, purple (Belarusian)
purpurna boja, (boja, color) purple (Croatian)
purpura, purpurowy
,
purple (Polish)

purpurs, purple (Latvian)

Violet, purple (Romanian)

violetti, purple (Finnish-Uralic)

μωβ, mov, purple,  porphura, a
shellfish yielding a purple dye (Greek)

կարմրել, karmrel, purple (Armenian)
vjollcë, purple,   (Albanian)

puniceus-a-um,
purple, red; Punicus
[Poeni-orum] pl. the Carthaginians;
Punicus,
Poeniceus-a-um,
Punic, Carthaginian

corcra, purple (Irish)
purpaidh, purple (Scott)
glasgoch
,
porffor, adj. purple (Welsh)
porpora, purple
(Italian)

pourpre, purple
(French)

Carthaginians?
purple [<Gk.
pophura]?

7-13

ponig (PVNIb),
Script N160


setuḥ, stone bridge,



pol, پل bridge (Persian)



ხიდი, khidi, bridge (Georgian)



gisru, bridge, floating bridge toll (payable for the passage of a boat through a floating bridge), gišru, in rab gišri, bridge official, official in charge of a bridge (Akkadian)









мост, most, bridge (Belarusian)
most, bridge (Croatian)
most, bridge (Polish)
tilts, bridge (Latvian)
PUNTE
, footbridge,
pod, bridge (Romanian)
silta, bridge (Finnish-Uralic)

γέφυρα, géfyra, bridge (Greek)
կամուրջը, kamurjy, bridge (Armenian)
deti i zi [geog.],
Black Sea; det, sea,
urë, bridge (Albanian)

zubi, bridge (Basque)

Pontus-i,
pons, pontis, bridge


droichead, bridge (Irish)
drochaid, bridge (Scott)
bont, bridge (Welsh)
ponte, bridge (Italian)
pont, bridge (French)

armizziie/a, bridge, to bridge over (Hittite)

the Pontus? Black Sea?; bridge

7-14

pontis (PVNTIS),
Script Q286, Q320

brahma, priest;
purodhas,
appointed priest,
house-priest of a king


zaota [zaotar], officiating priest, driver of an ox (Avestan)
kâhen, کاهن, priest, kesis,  کشیش shepherd, divine, cleric کشیش mobad, priest (Persian)


 მღვდელი, mghvdeli,
priest (Georgian)



uruḫḫu, abriqqu, edamû, maqaltānu, kumru, lagarru, lumakku, uṭṭû, a priest, šangûtu, high priest, to be a high priest, išippūtu, priest, craft of a purification priest, šešgallu, a  priest, elder brother, pašiš u, a priest (lit. anointed one), (Akkadian)






Святар, sviatar, priest (Belarusian)
svećenik, priest (Croatian)
kapłan, ksiadz, priest (Polish)
preot popa, priest
(Romanian)

pappi, priest (Finnish-Uralic)


παπάς, papás, ιερέας,
iereas*, priest,  (Greek)
քահանա, k’ahana, priest (Armenian)
klerik, prift,
priest  (Albanian)

apaiz, priest (Basque)

popa-ae, minor priest, sacerdos-otis, priest, priestess


sagart, priest (Irish)
sagart, priest (Scott)
offeiriad, priest, clergyman, clergy, presbyter (Welsh)
prete, priest (Italian)
prêtre, priest (French)



પાદરી, Pādarī, priest (Gujarati)
rahip, priest, monk, cleric,
papaz, priest, pastor, clergy, king, keşiş, monk, recluse, friar, priest, monastic (Turkish)

діни қызметкер,
dinï qızmetker, priest (Kazakh)
pop
, priest, officiant, parson, kashish, priest, officiant (Uzbek)

коҳин, kohin, priest (Tajik)

ыйык кызмат кылуучу, ıyık kızmat kıluuçu, priest (Kyrgyz)

тахилч, takhilch, priest, бөө, böö, shaman (Mongolian)

牧 師, Mùshī, priest, pastor, clergyman (Traditional Chinese)

kumaza-: N kumaza, A kumazã/kumazu, D kumazi, AblI kumazadi, wasaza (N), priest, mahanahid-, D mahanahidi, priesthood (Lycian)

sopi(e)sra, priestess, purified woman,
sopi/sopai, sacred, purified, sopiah, to sacralize, purify, sopa, sacralized meat, #šipantahhi, I sacrifice,  iuntsana, siuantsana,
a kind of priestess, referring to divine mother (ana, mother), sankunni-, (LÚ.SANGA), sankunniyant-, zilipuriyatalla-?, priest,kīta-, patili-, a kind of priest?, (Hittite)

priest [<Gk.
presbuteros,
elder], junior
priest; cleric
[<Lat. clericus;
<Gk. klerikos, of inheritance]

7-15

pop (PVP), Script Q460, Q776, Q737, Q745, Q754,
Q837, R13, R72

*Note: See Atiiereas (Atis the priest?); See also:
APA, TA-1

lokāḥ, people, prajāḥ, people in general,  jana, creature, man, person, tribe, race, nation; janasamūhaḥ, crowd of people, kajci, trigarta, coda, pandya, pulinda, of a people, janapada, a community, people, nation; rāṣṭra, nation, janasaṃmardaḥ, crowd, men pressed together without order, throng of people, crowd,   

dah'yunãm [dah'yu]  country, people (Avestan)
mardom,
مردم  xisân,
khvyshan, خویشان family, kin, people,   mellat, ملت  country, folk, nation, ommat, امت nation, people, nežâd, نژاد  race, ensanانسان human (Persian)

ხალხი, khalkhi, people, რასის, rasis, race (Georgian)

'-s(u)wa, human being, man (Urartian)

amīlu, human being (in contrast to gods and animals), amīlūtu, human being, somebody, anybody, mankind, the human species, people, mu’irtu, people, population, subjects, ammu, people? etebranni, ḫammu, people, ibru, tribe, clan, lišānu, nationality, technical language, special language or dialect, tongue of a flame, blade of a weapon, etc., nišū, people, human beings, mankind, workmen, soldiers, inhabitants, population, subjects, etc., ṣābu, people, population, group of people, army, troop of soldiers, contingent of workers, etc., tenēštu, people, population, personnel, mankind, tenīšu, mankind, people, nišūtu, people, relatives, family, uqu, army, people,  (Akkadian)

людзі, liudzi, народ, narod, people, гонкі, honki, race, чалавек, čalaviek, man (Belarusian)
narod, people, rasa, race, čovjek, man (Croatian)
ludzie, people, narod, nation, people, land, rasa, race,
mężczyzna, man (Polish)
cilvēki, people, man, rase, race (Latvian)
oameni, people, om, man, popor, POPORUL, people, nation, folk, cetăţeni, lumea, persoane, people, rasă, race (Romanian)
ihmiset, people, rotu, race, breed, mies, man (Finnish-Uralic)


Ανθρωποι, Anthropoi, people, man,  kosmos
λαός, laos, people, commonality, throng, people, ethnos,  nation, οι πολίτες, oi polites, citizens, αγώνας, agónas, race, άνδρας, ándras, man  (Greek)
Ժողովուրդ, Zhoghovurd, people, ռասա, rrasa, race, մարդ, mard, man (Armenian)
njerëz, popull, banorë, people, kombësi, nationality, gjinde, folk, familje, family, populloj, to
populate,
racë, race, njeri, man (Albanian)

jende, people, folk,
populazio, population, gizadiaren, gizatasun, mankind, nazioaren, nazio, nation (Basque)


populus-i,
gen-s-tis, clan, extended family, stock, tribe, nation, people, country, folk, race, species, breed, offspring, natio-onis, tribe, race, breed, class, homo-inis, human being, man, people,
vulgus (volgus)-i, crowd


daoine, people, cine, race, fear, man (Irish)
daoine, people, reis, race, fear, man (Scott)
pobl (pobol) -oedd, people, folk, folks, people, gwerin-oed, men, people, folk,
peasantry, populace, democracy, crew,
hil, race, dyn, man (Welsh)
popolo, persone, people, razza, race,
uomo, man, nazione, nation, folla, crowd  (Italian)
gens
,
peuplepersonnes, people,  populo, populace, raz, race,
homme, man, nation, nation, foule, crowd (French)


લોકો, Lōkō, folk, people, રાષ્ટ્ર, Rāṣṭra, nation, country,
રેસ, Rēsa, race, caste,માણસ, Māṇasa, man (Gujarati)
halk
, people, folk,
millet, nation, people, folk, yarış, race, adam, man (Turkish)

адамдар, adamdar, people, ұлт, ultnation,  nationality, жарыс, jaris, race, адам, adam, man  (Kazakh)
xalk, people, nation, folk,
millat, nation, people, country, irqi, race, inson, kishi, man, kashish, priest  (Uzbek)

мардум, mardum, people, миллат,
millat, people, нажод, naƶod, race, одам,
odam, man, person (Tajik)
эл, el, people, улут, ulut, nation, тукум, tukum, race, адам, adam, man (Kyrgyz)
хүмүүс, khümüüs,  ард тумэн, ard tumen, people, үндэстэн, ündesten, nation, эр хүн, er khün, man, khun, man (Mongolian)
人, ren, people,
國家, Guójiā, country, nation, commonwealth, 種 族,  Zhǒngzú, race, ethnicity, 男 子, Nánzǐ, man (Traditional Chinese)


oñi (adj.uni.)  [B eṅkwaññe], human, s'om, s'aumo, man (Tocharian)

kalutiie/a, group, to treat as a group, udniant, people, population,
udniant, people, population,
ndohs/nduahas, antuwahhas, human being, person,

antuhsa- (, UKU), human being, man, antuhha-, antuwahha-, human being, antuhsatar, humanity, population (Hittite)








folk [<OE
folc], state [<Lat.
status-us,
condition], race [<Fr. generation], nation, [<Lat. natio], human, human being,
gent man, people, [<Lat. populus],
denizens, [LLat. deintus, from within],
person, [<Lat. persona], man, [<OE],


7-16

popla (POPvLA), Script XA-22
popolo
(PVPvLV),
Script N11, N41,
N404
popolom
(PVPvLVM)
,
Script N100

See also,
7-50:
RAS
, VP19, Z843, RASIIA, BR-2, RASNA, Z158, TC41, TC216, PO-7, RASNE, K24, K112, K124, RASNES, K116

6-30:
NASIA, nation? Script VF-5

6-20:
NATI,
NATIM, Script, XU-1
NATINE, Script Q247, R565
NATEN, Script J2-8
NATER, Script PQ-7
NATERAN, XB-19
NATOR (NATVR), Script R161, TC71, J35-2

11-44:
OMNE (VMNE), Script J9-8

4-46:
fol, ful (FVL), "crowd"
Script L25


aṃsalá, next, paraḥ, following, next, pra, forword

avi-, near, towards, by, upa (adv) upa-(pref.), towards, by, near, on, upon, in, into (Avestan)
jelo,
جلو  adj.,forward, ahead, anterior,
piš, adv., forward, ahead, digar, دیگر next, another, extra, farther, sepas,  سپس adj.,  next, subsequenntly, hereafter (Persian)
შემდეგი
, shemdegi, next, წინ, ts’in, forward (Georgian)

panû, next, former, first, front, coming, past, designation of an official,


наступны, nastupny, next, наперад, napierad, forward (Belarusian)
Sljedeći, next, naprijed, forward (Croatian)
Kolejny, next, nastepnie,
nastepny, next, then,
postepowy, progressive, przedni, front, przeslac,
Naprzód, forward (Polish)
Nākamais, next, uz priekšu, forward (Latvian)

Următor-
next, redirecţiona, forward (Romanian)
Seuraava, next, eteenpäin, forward (Finnish-Uralic)          






  


Επόμενο, Epómeno, next, Προσεχής, Prosechís, next, forthcoming, come, Πλησιέστερος, Plisiésteros, nearest, next, immediate, προς τα εμπρός, pros ta emprós, forward, to the front, onward (Greek)
հաջորդը, hajordy, next, առաջ, arraj, forward (Armenian)
tjetër, next, para, përpara, forward, pranë, near, vijues, the following
(Albanian)


ulturior, ulturius,
further; deinceps,
deinde, postea, adv., next,



pro, prosus, prosum, forward


an chéad cheann eile, next, ar aghaidh, forward (Irish)
an ath rud, next, air adhart, forward (Scott)
nesaf, cyfnesaf, next,
nearest; cyfnesaf-iaid
cyfneseifiaid, next of kin, kinsman; agos-
(nesed, nes, nesaf), adj.
near, approximate,
close, imminent,
proximate,
ymlaen, forward (Welsh)
fra, forward (Gothic)
Il prossimo, next, in poi, on, forward (Italian)
prochain, next, autre,
additionnel,
vers l'avant, forward, avant, front, forward  (French)


આગળ, Āgaḷa, forward, next (Gujarati)
ileri, forward, further, sonraki, next, following, after (Turkish)
kelasi, adv., next, keyingi, next, following, subsequent, oldinga, forward (Uzbek)

пеш, peş, forward, before, Баъдӣ, Ba'dī,  next, дигар, digar, another, next, different  (Tajik)

кийинки, kiyinki, next (Kyrgyz)
дараа, daraa, after, next,
урагшлах, uragshlakh, forward (Mongolian)



[B spe], nearby, kātse, near, close, in front of (Tocharian)

pra,
forward, furthermore, moreover, additionally, still, then, after that, tapūsa, tapusza, adv., next, aside, next to, near (Hittie)





forward, [<OE foreweard]
next [<OE
neahst]?, for, [<OE]

(probably purify, see PVR, Indo-European Table, Part 6 NETI, PVR)

7-17

por (PVR), Script
ZB-1, Z834; N294, G30

dvāram, gate, door, gopura, town-gate,
gate;
puradvara,
city gate, 
pátti-, portico; mahiman, honorableness, dignity



duvarθi, portico, colonade (Avestan)
darvâze,
  دروازه gate, dari, در  door, doorway (Persian)

კარიბჭე, k’aribch’e, gate, კარი, k’ari, door (Georgian)



awə, ajə, front, face (Hurrian)


appatu, in bit appāti, portico,  pētû, gatekeeper, door-opener, abullu, gate, city gate, abulmāḫu, high gate, name of main city gate of Nippur, entrance gate, rabi abulli, gate official, zuntu, a type of door, šaḫru, gate, mušlālu, gate or gatehouse, (Akkadian)

вароты, varoty, gate,
дзверы, dzviery, door (Belarusian)
vrata, gate, door (Croatian)


brama, gate, drzwi, door (Polish)
vartai, door; dvaris, gate (Baltic-Sudovian)
vārti, gate, durvis, door (Latvian)
POARTA
, gate, door; PORŢI, door,
uşă, door, entrance, gate (Romanian)
portti, gate, ovi, door (Finnish-Uralic)

πύλη, pýli, gate, θύρα, thýra, door, πόρτα, porta, door, gate (Greek)
Դարպաս, darpas, gate, դուռը, durry, door (Armenian)
portë, gate, derë, door (Albanian)



ate, door, goal, atea,
burdin langa, gate, (Basque)







porta-ae, gate, door

geata, gate, doras, door (Irish)
geata, gate, doras, door, portair, a porter, ferryman, gatekeeper (Scott)
gat (gatiau)
, gate; iet-au-iau, gate; llidiart (llidiardau) gate; porth (pyrth), gate, gateway, door, portal, port, porch, lobby (Welsh)
cancello, gate, porta, door  (Italian)
port, gate, door,  grille, gate, door (French)


દરવાજો, Daravājō, door (Gujarati)

kapı, door, gate, gateway, portal, entrance, eşik, threshold, doorstep, sill, door (Turkish)
есік, esik, door, Қақпа, Qaqpa, gate (Kazakh)
дарвоза, darvoza, door, gate (Tajik)
Darvoza, gate, eshik, door, entry, uy, house, home, door (Uzbek)
дарбаза, darbaza, gate, эшик, eşik, door (Kyrgyz)
хаалга, khaalga, door, goal, gate (Mongolian) 門, Mén, door, gate, 大 門, Dàmén, door, gate, entrance (Traditional Chinese)



 katera, katalutsi, door-step, threshhold,

aska, gateway, gate, door, Éhilammar, hilamnant-, kilammar = hilammar?, gate, hilamr/hilamn, gatehouse (Hittite)


gate [<OE geat],
door[<OE duru],
port, [<Lat. portus, town with a harbor]

7-18

porta (PVRTA), Script N194, N670
porti (PVRTI), Script N700, N738, Q899, R278, R294, R653
porti, (PVRTI) N678, N708, N738, Q899, R134, R278, R298, 
porto (PVRTV)
, Script Q7, Q95, Q162, Q263, Q512, Q543, Q671, Q692, Q795, Q806, Q821, R128, R437, R499

samartha, able, competent, śakya, possible, śaktiḥ, ability, power

nefez, نفوذ  influence, tavânestán,  توانستن  to be able, be able to, may, tavân, توان  ability, power, vigor, qadr, قادر able, capable, mahart,  مهارت skill, ability, momken, ممکن possible, practicable, poz, پز to pose, flaunt (Persian)


შესაძლებელი, shesadzlebeli, to be able, შესაძლებელია, shesadzlebelia, possilbe, უნარი, unari, ability, პოზა, p’oza, pose, attitude  (Georgian)


lēû, able, capable, skilled, to be lost, powerless, maṣû, able, to be able, to be equal, to take responsibility, to amount to,etc., maītu, possible, available, ibašši, possibly, there is, yes, itbārūtu, skill, nēmequ, skill, cunning, experience, knowledge, wisdom, mudammiqu, skilled craftsman, emqu, skilled, educated, experienced, wise, wily, nikiltu, skillful work, cunning, deception, clever or ingenious idea, ingenuity, trick, nakliš, adv., skillfully, artistically, qīptu, position, office, trust, belief, etc.,  maškanu, position, residence, stand of a pot, etc., uzuzzu, to be in position, to stand, be visible, prevail, believe, arrange in place, etc, takbittu, to establish an important position, zaqāpu, to take up a position, to appear in court to lodge a claim   (Akkadian)

быць у стане, być u stanie, to be able, гэта магчыма, heta mahčyma, possible, здольнасць, zdoĺnasć, ability, поза, posa, pose, posture (Belarusian)
biti u mogućnosti, to be able, moguće, possible, sposobnost, ability, poza, pose (Croatian)

być w stanie, to be able, możliwy, possible, umiejętność, ability, poza, pose (Polish)
būt spējīgam, to be able, iespējams, possible, spēja, ability, poza, pose (Latvian)
a fi capabil, to be able, posibil, possible, abilitate, ability, poza, pose, pune, to put, place, pose (Romanian)
pystyä, to be able, mahdollinen, possible, kyky, ability, poseerata, pose, posture  (Finnish-Uralic) 





να είσαι σε θέση, na eísai se thési, to be able, δυνατόν, dynatón, possible, ικανότητα, ikanótita, ability, στάση, stasi, pose,
(Greek)

Կարող է լինել, Karogh e linel, to be able, հնարավոր է, hnaravor e, possible, կարողություն, karoghut’yun, ability, դիրք, dirk’, position, pose (Armenian)
te jesh i afte, to be able, i mundshëm, possible, aftësi, ability, qëndrim, attitude, pose, posture, pozicion, position, pose  (Albanian)

ahal izateko, to be able, posible, ahalgarri, possible, gaitasuna, ability, trebetasun, skill, ability, know-how, paratu,  pose (Basque)

possum, posse, potui, to be able, one may, one can, to avail, have influence

potens-entis, powerful
habilis-e, easily managed, handy

a bheith in ann, to be able, féidir, possible, cumas, ability,  (Irish)
a bhith comasach, to be able, comasach, possible, comas, ability (Scott)
i allu, to be able, bosibl, possible, gallu, ability, medru, you can (Welsh)
essere in grado, to be able, possibile, possible, capacità, ability, posa, posture  posare , to pose (Italian)
pour être en mesure, to be able, possible, possible, aptitude, ability, poser, to put, set, lay, rest, ask, pose; pose, putting, pose, (French)


opäśśune  [B epastyäññe], skillfulness, cämp-   [B cämp-], to be able, cämplune, ability (Tocharian)
warpa/i, skill, knowledge, craft (Luvian)

tarhu, able, to be powerful, conquer, prevail, tarh-, to be able to, tarra, tra (tara?), to be able,  ulkisra/wlkisra, adj., able, experienced, skilled, mat-, to be able, to resist, to support, karnan marnan, to the best of one's ability, peda, position, location, place, locality (Hittite)



to be able, have influence, to put, to lay, avail, pose, possible, capable, {<LLat. capabilis]
ability [<OFr. habilite < Lat. habilis]

7-19
pos (PVS) Script R619, R530, XK-2
posa (PVSA) XM-4
pose (PVSE),
Script N349, Q74, R248,

See also,
7-37:
quisi,
Script MS13


prach, pracchati (te), to ask, question, inquire, entreat,
invoke,
yācate, to ask, demand,
vas, to wish, to want, to strive after, āśā, hope, expectation, prazna, question, demand, inquiry, task, controversy, lesson; da, dadati, datte, dadati, -te (dati, dadmi), to give, grant, bestow, impart, surrender, demand







 




Vas, to wish, want (Avestan)
porsidan
پرسیدن  to ask, inquire, niyâyes kardan, کارتان، ناظاق   to ask, xâstán, خواستن to  ask wish, desire, demand, require, etc., poz, پز to pose, flaunt  (Persian)
თხოვნა, tkhovna, to ask, მოთხოვნა, motkhovna, to demand,
პოზა, p’oza, pose, attitude  (Georgian)

ašk-, to ask, šar- demand, wish, desire, ūr-, ur-, desire, want (Hurrian)



erēšu, to ask, to request, crave, desire, to be desired, required, šālu, to ask, iterrogate, inquire, call to account, etc., šepû, to ask, to interrogate, uṣṣuu, to ask, question, interrogate, investigate carefully  (Akkadian)









спытаць, spytać, to ask, патрабаваць, patrabavać, to demand, поза, posa, pose, posture  (Belarusian)
pitati, to ask, zahtijevati, to demand,  poza, pose (Croatian)
preklinjati, entreat prositi, beg (Serbo-Croatian) zapytać, to ask, domagac sie, to demand, poza, pose (Polish)
vakaut, to ask,
prasit, to request, aiskat, madlit, to pray, preivaket, to call, summon (Baltic
Sudovian)

jautāt, to ask, pieprasīt, to demand (Latvian)
a întreba, to ask, să solicite, to demand (Romanian)
kysyä, to ask, vaatia, to demand (Finnish-Uralic) 

να ρωτήσω, na rotíso, to ask, παρακαλώ,
parakalo, ask, please, beg,
απαιτώ, apaitó, to demand (Greek)
Հարցնել, խնդրել, Harts’nel, khndrel, to ask, պահանջել, pahanjel, to demand (Armenian)
te pyesesh, to ask,   pozoj, pozë, pose, pozicion, position, për të kërkuar, to demand (Albanian)

galdetu, to ask a question, galdegin, to ask, eskatu, to ask for, eskatzeko, to demand, aldarrikatu, to proclaim, demand (Basque)



posco, poscere,
poposci
, to ask, etc.;


proco-are, to ask,
demand;
procer
eris
, a chief, noble,


precor-ari, to beg,
entreat, pray
priere, supplication, prayer book, ritual,

possum, posse, potui, to be able, one may, one can, to avail, have influence

Fiafraigh, to ask, a éileamh, to demand (Irish)
a dh'fhaighneachd, to ask, a dh 'iarraidh, to demand (Scott)
i ofyn, gofyn-, to ask,  erchi (arch-, eirch), to ask, pray, command, demand, bid, enjoin, request, inquire,  require  (Welsh)
chiedere, richiedere, domandare, to ask (Italian)
demander, to ask
poser, to put,
set, ask [question],
 
(French)


પૂછો, Pūchō, to ask (Gujarati)
sormak, to ask, question,  talep etmek, to demand, dua etmek, to pray (Turkish

сұрау, suraw, to ask, талап ету, to demand, claim, require, дұға ету, duğa etw, to pray, тілек, tilik, to wish, desire (Kasakh)
пурсидан,
pursidan, to ask, question, талаб кунад, talaʙ kunad, to demand, require, query, talaʙ, demand, requirement, хоҳиш, xohiş, desire, wish, will (Tajik)

so'rash, to ask, talab qilmoq, to demand, ibodat qilish, to pray, istak, wish, desire (Uzbek)

суроо, suroo, to ask, талап кылуу, talap kıluu, to demand, сыйынуу, sıyınuu, to pray, каалоо, kaaloo, desire (Kyrgyz)

асуух, asuukh, to ask, inquire, query, шаардах, shaardakh, to demand, require, залбирах, zalbirakh, to pray, мөргөх, mörgökh, to pray, worship, хүсэл, khüsel, wish, desire (Mongolian)


kulypā- [B kulpā], to desire, ākāl, [B akālk], to desire, wish, prak, pärk, prek, to beg, pray (Tocharian)
kupri- (?): 3rd kupriti, to desire, kuprime- (?): Nt kuprimẽ, desired (Mylian)

arija, to ask, wewakk->, uewakk, wekuwar , n. demand, wewakk->wēk-, wekk->, uewakk, wewak, to  demand, ask for, wish, to desire, wewak, to ask, demand, wek-,  (IR), to ask, to demand, to wish, to claim, waluske/a, to ask of a diety, pray to, watarnah-, to ask, to inform, to lead, to command, inculcate, to entrust, to order, #anja, #mald punuss, to ask, punuss, pnus, to ask, ask a question, consult, investigate, punus-, to ask, to examine, EGIR-pa punus-, to ask again, piran sarā ep- , to ask an oracle?, eshar sanh-, to ask for someone's blood, to demand vengeance for someone's death,
sanh-, to ask for, to want, to try, to  search,  (Hittite)













to ask [<OE ascian] earnestly
request, call
upon, demand, pose, v., to present or put forward, position, [<Gk. pausis, pause], posit,  to put forward as a fact or position, [<Lat. positus, p.p. ofpnere, to place]
position [<Lat.
positivus,
formally laid
down]


to  demand
[<Lat.
demando-are, to entrust,
commit]

7-20





posc (PVSC),
Script N505, N563, N638





prok (PRVK) Script AN-5
proco (PRVCV),
Script Z1080
prokis (PRVKIS), Z272

See also,
7-19:
pos (PVS) Script R619, R530, XK-2
posa (PVSA) XM-4
pose (PVSE),
Script N349, Q74, R248



See also,
7-26:

prec, Script N533, N607, N676
prek, Script L38
prece, Script R294
precer, Script, R96, R128


PRII (2nd decl. pl?) Script ZB-1






anu, behind, vṛddhaḥ, old, pṛṣṭhataḥ, behind, at the back of, jyesthavayas, adj., older than; bhas, older than, light, brightness.



pir, پیر  old, kohan, کهن, adj., old, ancient, archaic, bâstâni, باستانی, ancient, older,  pas,  پس, adv., behind, afterward, back, vaps, واپس,  behind, late, rear, (Persian)
უკან, uk’an, behind, back, ხანდაზმული, khandazmuli, older, უძველესი, udzvelesi, ancient, ძველი, dzveli, old, ancient   (Georgian)



dāt, behind, after, arkiš, behind, backward, afterward, arka, arki, behind, afterward, to the rear, kutallu, behind, rear part of objects, nape of the neck, later time, ullu, distance, past, old time (Akkadian)


 











за, za, behind, старэйшы,  starejšy, older, назад, nazad, back, старажытны, staražytny, ancient (Belarusian)
iza, behind, stariji, older, leda, back, drevni, ancient, 
antički, ancient, antique (Croatian)
za, behind, starsze, older,  plecy, back, starożytny, ancient, antyczny, ancient (Polish)
aiz muguras, behind, aiz, behind, after, beyond,
vecāki, older, atpakaļ, back (Latvian)
in spate, behind,
mai batran, older, înapoi, back, senais, ancient, antīks, ancient, antique  (Romanian)
takana, behind, vanhemmat, older, takaisin, back, muinainen, ancient (Finnish-Uralic) 


πίσω, píso, behind, back, Παλαιότερα, Palaióter, older, behind, αρχαίος, archaíos, ancient, άρχων, archon, leader (Greek)
հետեւում, hetevum, behind, Ավելի հին, Aveli hin, older, հին, hin, old, ետ, yet, back,
հնագույն, hnaguyn, ancient,  (Armenian)
mbrapa, behind,
më të vjetër, older, më të vjetërmë të, vjetërprapa, back, i lashte, ancient,  antik, ancient (Albanian)

atzetek, adv., behind, atze, at the back, zaharragoak, older, zahar, old (Basque)



post [older
poste], adv. behind,
in the rear; of
time: later; prep.
with, acc.: behind;
of time, after; in
rank, etc. next after;
postea, thereafter,
afterwards, next;
posterus [poster]-a-
am
, next, future,
following;
posterior
-us
, next, later, inferior, worse,
antique, adj., in the old style

taobh thiar de, behind, níos sine, older, ar ais, adv., back, ársa, ancient (Irish)
air cùl, behind, nas sine, older, air ais, adv., back,
àrsaidh, ancient (Scott)
y tu ôl, behind, henach, older, yn ôl, back, rear, behind, posterior, hynafol, ancient (Welsh)
dietro a, behind, più vecchio, older, indietro, back, posteri,  posterity; posteriore, posterior, behind, back; postare, post, antica-o, ancient (Italian)
derrière, behind, plus âgée, arrière, back, postérieur, posterior, subsequent, behind, later, back, rear, ancienne, ancien, ancient  (French)


પાછળ, Pāchaḷa, behind, પ્રાચીન, Prācīna, ancient,  વૃદ્ધ, Vr̥d'dha, older, old age (Gujarati)
arkasında, behind, Antik, ancient, eski, old, used, former, daha eski, older (Turkish)

артында, artında, behind, ежелгі, ejelgi, ancient, егде, older, ескі, old, archaic  (Kazakh)
orqasida, behind, beyond, qadimiy, ancient, katta, older (Uzbek)
пушти, puşti, behind, баъд, ba'd, adv., after, then, afterward, кӯҳна, kūhna, old, obsolete, archaic    (Tajik)

артынан, artınan, behind, байыркы, bayırkı, ancient, улуу, ukuu, older (Krgyz)
арын ард,  aryn ard, behind, эртний, ertnii, ancient, хөгшин, khögshin, older, old, senile (Mongolian)

jarāmaraṃ,  [B jarāmaraṃ] old age, death (Tocharian)

epre/i, iskis, back, āppa, apa, apan, behind, afterwards, again,
iskis, back, backside, rear,
(EGIR-pa), appa, back, after, again, behind up to, appezzi-  (EGIR-zi), back, last, appanda, (EGIR-anda), back, then, behind, apananta, backmost, hindmost, iskisa-, back, reverse,  witspant/wetspant, old, grown old, miyahwanz, old, miiahunte, mehuuandahh, /miiahuuantahh, mehuantah, miahuantah, miahunte, old, to be old, to make old, old age, mehuantah, miahuantahmiahunte, to become old, to age, miyahhuwanta-, to get old, mehuuandahh/ miiahuuantahh, to make old,  miiahuntes, miahuntes, to become an old man, mehuant, old, elderly, miiahunte, mehuant, miyahwanz, to be old, elderly, mihuntadr/ miahuantan, old age, annalli-, old, previous, anala/i, former, anisan anats, formerly, old, annalla-, old, maternal, annalli-,  old, previous, karūli, karūili, old, karūili-, (SIMUN), old, ancient,  ŠU-GI, old, MUNUS.ŠU.GI, old woman, wise woman, witspant/wetspant, grown old, old, wezpant-, old worn out (Hittite)



older [<OE eald], behind [<OE bihindan], next, later [<OE laetra], posterity, to post, [<Lat. postis], after, next

7-21

post (PVST), Script N112, N349, N363, Q183, Q754, R447
poste
(PVSTE) Script N647
posti (PVSTI)
Script R97, R129, R141, R154
poster (PVSTER) Script N404

See also ARCAS, Script AJ-17, VG-11, ARCE, N53, Q117, Q521, Q683, R499, AJ21, ARCEI, Q114, ARCES, N32, N293, N320, N341, N500, N529, N562, N607, N640, R278, ARCIA, N21, N53, N280, N476, N522, N666, R370, R457, ARCIO (ARCIV), ARCIS, N63, N674, ARCAMEN, Q331 .




pibati, pānam, pānīyam, to drink, paniya, drinkable, drink, beverage, esp. water, paripana, drink, beverage; panta, drink, beverage;
pitha, drink or
protection; pitu, drink, nourishment,
food, prapana,
watering-place or a drink, sificati, to water,
ambu, apas, ārdra, wet, dharya, var, water, uda, adj. water, udavaha, bringing water, udan, water,




نوشیدن, nušidan, to drink, ab, آب  water (Persian)
დალევა
, daleva, to drink, სასმელი, sasmeli, drink, drinking,
მორწყვა, morts q’va, to water, irrigate,  წყალი, ts’q’ali, water (Georgian)


tarm-, to drink (Hurrian)

mašqītu, drink, a feature on the liver, potion, watering place, irrigation outlet, maš, drink, a drinking vessel, drink ration, daluwātu, irrigated fields, irrigated by water drawn from wells, šāqûtu, šiqītu, *zuriqtu, irrigation, riibutu, irrigated land, šaqītu, irrigated area  (Akkadian)

выпіць, vypić, to drink, піць, pić, drink, вада, vada, water  (Belarusian)
piti, to drink, piće, drink, voda, water, (Croatian)
pić, to drink, drink, drink, woda, water, (Polish)
pot, to drink (Baltic
Sudovian)

dzert, to drink, drink, ūdens, water (Latvian)
a bea, to drink, băutură, drink, apă, water (Romanian)

juoda, to drink, drink, vesi, water (Finnish-Uralic


να πίνου, na pínoun, to drink, ποτό, potó, pino, drink, νερό, neró, water (Greek)
խմել, khmel, to drink, drink, ջուր, jer, water (Armenian)
pi, drink, pi pue [alkoolike] drink, oqeani, drink,  ujë, water (Albanian)

edan, drink, edateko, to drink, ur water (Basque)

poto-potare-potavi
potatum
, to drink,

aqua-ae, water,


a ól, to drink, chun uisce, to water, ujisce, water (Irish)
gus òl, to drink, gu uisge, to water, uisge, water (Scott)
i yfed, to drink, diod-ydd, drink, beverage; yfed (yf), to drink, imbibe, absorb, i ddŵr, to water, dŵr, water, dyfrio, watering (Welsh)
bere, to drink, aqua, water (Italian)
boire, to drink, eau, water  (French)


પીવા માટે, Pīvā māṭē, to drink,
પાણી, Pāṇī, water (Gujarati)
 
içmek, to drink, içki,  n. drink, su, water (Turkish)

ішу, işw, to drink, сусын, swsin, n. drink, су, sw, water  (Kazakh)
ichimlik, n. drink, ichmoq, to drink,
suv, water (Uzbek
нӯшидан,
nūşidan,  to drink, об, , water (Tajik)
ичүү, içüü, drink, to drink, суу, suu, water (Kyrgyz)
уух, uukh, to drink, уух юм, uukh yum, n. drink, ус, us, water (Mongolian)
喝 酒, Hējiǔ, to drink, imbibe, 飲, Yǐn, n. drink, 飲料, Yǐnliào, beverage, drinks, drink, 喝, Hē, drink, 水, Shuǐ, water, liquid, river, 注入水, Zhùrù shuǐ, injecting water  (Traditional Chinese)

wär-, water, āp* (n.fem.)  [B āp], water, river, stream (Tocharian)

# aku-, to drink (Palaic)

ekw, akw, ekuzi,
#ekw, akw, aku, akkusk-, eku/aku , eku/gu, gu, to drink, akuwakuwa-, akuwanna, in order to drink, gudla, drink, container of water,
gudra, drinker, toaster, egw, ēgw- , hu, marnuwant-, walhi-, n. drink,
ninikesr, to drink one’s fill, to get drunk, nink-, ninknu, to drink, sop, soak, to make the ground drink, to get drunk, tawal, a drink, #watar,(Gen. sing.), wedanda (instr. sg.,) wadr/widen, wētt-, water, wida, wet, wātar, water, widār, irrigation water, wida, weten- root of water, wetenas, water, warsa, dew, sakuruue/a, to water animals, sagurue/a, sagrue/a, to water animals, to  drink, sragu, to give water, (Hittite)



to drink [<OE
drincan], imbibe [<Lat. imbibere]

7-22

pot (PVT), Script
Z1319;
pote (PVTE, Script Z84, Z211, Z214, Z308, Z953, Z117
Z1319, Z1797,
Z1813
POTeS (PVTeS),
Script Z1607


pravrddha, praudha, adj., grown up, adult
pogaṇḍa, not full grown or adult, between 5-16 years,

prāptavyavahāraḥ, adult

bâleğ, بالغ,  full grown, adult, mature (Persian)

ზრდასრული, zrdasruli, adult (Georgian)

eṭēlut, adult, to become mature (Akkadian)

для дарослых,
dlia daroslych, adult (Belarusian)
odrasla osoba, adult (Croatian)
dorosły, adult
(Polish)


pieaugušais, adult (Latvian)
adult, adult,
bărbat adult, adult male (Romanian)
aikuinen, adult (Finnish-Uralic)pieaugušais(Latvian)


ενήλικας, enílikas, adult (Greek)
մեծահասակ,
metsahasak, adult (Armenian)
i rritur, adult,
(Albanian)

helduen, adult (Basque)


pubes and puber-eris, puberes-um, the men, male adults

duine fásta, adult (Irish)
inbheach, adult (Scott)
oedolyn
(oedolion), adult (Welsh)
adulto, adult (Italian)
adulte, adult (French)



oṅk [B eṅkwe] adult male (Tocharian)



 maiant, adult, young man, mayant-, adult man, maiant, adult, young man, powerful, maiantadr /maiantan, young adulthood, youth, youthful vigor, maiantes, young man, to become a young man, become young again, ammiyant-, kappi-, young, small (Hittite)








adult [<Lat. adolesco
olescere -olevi
, to grow up] puberty, [<Lat. pubertas]

7-23

pove, puve (PV8E),
Script N341

agram, in front, before, ahead of; agratas, in front, before, in the beginning,



puras, before, in front of, pūrva, previous, former, preceding,  atikrāntaḥ, preceding, foregoing



pis az, پیش ا  before, ahead, in front, previous,
qabi,
قبل before, former, front, previous (Persian)

ადრე, adre, before, წინა, ts’ina, previous (Georgian)



-kai, -ka, ka(i)-, in front, in front of (Urartian)

lapani, prep., before, by, from, in front of, on account of, lāma, prep., conj., before, labīru, previous, former, rancid, stale, aged, old, etc., panātu , previous, prior time, earlier, front part, hamutta, šurrâm, previously, promptly,  tarṣu, before, opposite, toward, at the time of, in accordance with, in consideration of, ullānu, before, without, far from, earlier than, ullû, previous, former, faraway, yonder, over there, (Akkadian) 

перад тым,  pierad tym, before, папярэдні, papiaredni, previous (Belarusian)
prije, before, prijašnji, earlier(Croatian)
przed, before, poprzedni, previous (Polish)
pirms tam, before, iepriekšējā, previous (Latvian)
inainte de, before, PRE, before,

în frunte, ahead, before, anterior, previous (Romanian)
ennen, before,
Edellinen, previous (Finnish-Uralic)







πριν, prin,   προτού, protoú, before, προηγούμενος,  proigoúmenos, previous, preceding, former (Greek)
նախքան, nakhk’an, before, նախորդ, nakhord, previous, preceding, prior (Armeninan)
para, before, përpara, parë, më përpara, adv. before, i mëparshëm, previous (Albanian)




aurretik, before, aurreko, previous (Basque)

prae, adv. pro, prep. with abl., before, in front of, for, on behalf of, like, as good as; prefix, pro, forth, forward; prorsus [prosus]-a-um;
poreta-ae and
proreus i, a look-out man,
ante, adv.; antea, before, formerly






roimh, before, roimhe seo, previous (Irish)
roimhe, before, previous (Scott)
o'r blaen, before, anad, cyn, gerbron, o flaen, rhag, prep. before, blaenorol, previous (Welsh)
devante, prep.before,
prima, prep., adv.  before, precedente, previous (Italian)
avant, devant, before,
précédent-e, previous (French)


пеш, peş, before (Tajik)

anapär, anaprä, before, in the face of, anaprāṣ, before, āptā, before, earlier, early (Tocharian)

paran, parani, before, in front of, ruwan, formerly (Luvian)




peran, before, in front of, in presence of, piran parā, piran sarā?, adv., before, piran, adv., ahead, at the head, peran, in front of, in presence of, karū, before, previously,  kru, formerly, earlier, kruili/kruli, former, earlier, ancient, kruiliat, former state, kuitman nāwi, before,  -za, PANI, before, under, prian, front, beyond, over, across, over to, across to, in opposition to, in front,  anala/i, former, anisan, anats, formerly, old, annisan, adv., before, first, anissan, annaz, hantezziyaz, adv., previously, hantsa, in front of, menahhanda, (IGI-anda), before, at the time of (Hittite)




















before [<OE beforan], in front [<Lat. frons, front-],

7-24


pre, Script
N435, N469, Q162, R31, R92, L65;

See also,
1-81:

ant, Script N391;
anta, Script R363, R664

x x x x Alia-ae,  river in Latium, 11 miles north of Rome.
x Preale, unknown name, possibly pre Alia

7-25
PRE ALE, probably,  PRE ALE Script DN-1 "before, from, the Alia" -e, Abl.

prach, prcchati (-te), ask, enquire praarth.h, to demand, ask,
bhikṣate, to beg,
tavīti or stauti, to pray to a diety,
stavaḥ, stotram, to pray, āyācita, prayer; āśis, asking for, prayer, wish, asking, rach.h, to form    

pares [-]
jaidhyañtâi [jad]
peresanguha [pares], beg (Avestan)
xâhes kardan,
gedâyi kardan, to beg;


داری کارتان, doa kardan, to pray
(Persian)




იკითხო, ik’itkho, to beg, სალოცავად, salotsavad, to pray (Georgian)


hud-, to  praise, pray, hud-me, prayer (Hurrian)

labānu, beg, to beg humbly, to exhibit utmost humility (in gestures), to act humbly, to pray contritely, enēnu, pray, to pray, ask for mercy, karābu pray, to pray to the gods, to dedicate an offering, praise, ullû, to pray, šutēmuqu, to pray, suplicate,  ṣullû, tarsītu, nīru, prayer, šuillakku, prayer (lit. of raised hands), karābu, prayer, blessing, qibītu, promise, command, order, report, prayer, šigû,  a type of prayer, tēmēqu, prayer, a well-conceived presentation of a case, tespītu , prayer, petition, teslītu, prayer, request, petition,  tēnintu, tēnīnu, unnīnu, utnēnu, prayer, supplication, šu, prayer, lifting of hands, raising look, chosen person, etc.,     (Akkadian)








жабраваць, žabravać, to beg, маліцца, malicca, to pray (Belarusian)

raicca, v.imp.
consult, ask
(Belarus)
moliti, to beg, pray, reći, to tell, say, (Croatian)
moliti, to beg, pray,
preklinjati
entreat; prositi, beg (Serbo-Croatian)
błagać, to beg, modlić się, to pray (Polish)
prasit, to request;
aiskat; madlit, to
pray,
preivaket,
to call, summon
(Baltic-Sudovian)

lūgties, to beg, pray (Latvian)
a implora, to beg, a se ruga, to pray (Romanian)
kerjätä, to beg, rukoilla, to pray (Finnish-Uralic) 

να επαιτούν, na epaitoún,, to beg, παρακαλώ, parakalo, to please, beg, pray, ask, urge (Greek)
աղաչել, aghach’el, to beg, աղոթել,  aghot’el, to pray (Armenian)
për të lypur, to beg, 
për t'u lutur, to pray, pyes, ask   (Albanian)

otoitz egin, to pray, erregutzea, to beg (Basque)







precor-ari, to beg,
entreat, pray

priere, supplication, prayer book, ritual


chun guí, to pray (Irish)
a dh 'inntinn, to beg, gu ùrnaigh, to pray (Scott)
i beg, to beg, i weddïo, to pray, erchi (arch,
eirch), to ask, pray, command, demand;

crefu, to crave, beg, implore; deisyf, to wish, beg (Welsh)
goulenn, to pray (Breton)
chiedere l'elemosina, to beg, prece,  prayer; pregare, to pray (Italian)
à mendier, to beg, prière, prayer; prier, to pray, ask, raconter, to relate, narrate, tell, recount (French)

પ્રાર્થના કરવા માટે,
Prārthanā karavā māṭē, to pray (Gujarati)
ibadet, to pray (Turkish)
сыйыну,
sıyınw, to pray (Kazakh)
ibodat qilish, to pray (Uzbek)
дуо кардан, duo kardan, to pray (Tajik)
сыйынуу,
sıyınuu, to pray (Kyrgyz)
залбирах,
zalbirakh, to pray (Mongolian)

prak, pärk, prek, to beg, pray, A. yark, worship, B. yarke, worship, rake, reki, to speak, (Tocharian)

arái, to pray, talliie, talie/a, arkuuae, to pray, waluske/a, to pray, ask of a diety, arkuwāi-, rkuae, to pray, plead, rkuesr/rkuesn, prayer, mogae, to entreat, invoke, evoke (Hittite)
 

to beg, [<ME beggen], to pray [<Lat. precor-ari,
to entreat],
crave [<OE crafian], to ask, [<OE āscian]

7-26

prec, Script N533, N607, N676
prek, Script L38
prece, Script R294
precer, Script, R96, R128


PRII (2nd decl. pl?) Script ZB-1


See posc above, to ask
See also: 7-41,
RAC, Script, Z192,
RACA, Script Z697,
RAK, Script Z263, Z336, Z412, Z516, Z582, Z806, Z1048, Q335,
RAKaR, Script Z156, Z164, Z190, Z327, Z405, Z969, Z1013, Z1016, Z1027, Z1846, Z1869





mukhabandhaḥ, preface,

mukhabandhe, to preface

dibâce, foundation, sarâqâz, âqâz, preface (Persian)

წინასიტყვაობა, ts’inasit’q’vaoba, to preface (Georgian)

у прадмове,
u pradmovie, to preface (Belarusian)
na predgovor, to preface (Croatian)
przedmowa, to preface (Polish)
uz priekšvārdu,
to preface (Latvian)

pentru a prefața, to preface (Romanian)

esipuheeseen, to preface (Finnish-Uralic)

να προαγάγει, na proagágei, to preface (Greek)
նախաբանը,
nakhabany, to preface (Armenian)
bëj një parathënie, to preface (Albanian)

praefor-iari, fatus

réamhrá, to preface (Irish)
airson ro-ràdhrhaglith-iau-oedd, prefa, to preface (Scott)
i rwystro, to preface,
rhagdreaeth-au, preface, introduction (Welsh)
prefazione, preface,
per prefazione, to preface (Italian)
préfacer, en préface, (French)

to preface, [<Lat. praefatio] speak before, to say beforehand

7-27

prephto (PREΦTO),
Script N230

pīḍayati, to press, squeeze, drākṣārasa, grape-juice, wine, āsavaḥ, wine


fešordán, فشردن, to press, squash, squeeze, charkhshat, چرخشت winepress, šarâb, شراب wine (Persian)
დაჭერა, dach’era, press, მეღვინეობა,
meghvineoba, winepress, ღვინო, ghvino, wine (Georgian)

mazû,to squeeze,
to produce a liquid, to rape, ḫalāṣu, squeeze out, to press, to clean by combing, ḫalṣu, pressed out (said of sesame seeds) obtained by ḫalaṣu (said of oil) etc., combed (said of flax), ḫabburu, wine, a qualification of wine, karān lānu, wine, a kind of vine and the wine made of its fruit karānu, wine, grapevine, grapes, (Akkadian)  ghvino
прэс, pres, press, давильня, daviĺnia, winepress, віно, vino, wine (Belarusian)
tisak, press, tijesak za grožđe, winepress,
vino, wine (Croatian)
przyciskać, to press, squeeze, naciśnij, press, prasa do winogron, winepress, wino, wine (Polish)
nospiest, to press, crush, vīna spiede, winepress, vīns, wine (Latvian)
PRESA
, to press, teasc, winepress,
vin, wine (Romanian)
Lehdistö, press,

viinikuurnasta, winepress, viini, wine (Finnish-Uralic)

viinikuurnastaviinikuurnasta
Τύπος, týpos, press, πιεστήριο σταφύλιων, piestírio stafýlion, winepress, κρασί, krasí, wine (Greek)
Մամուլում, mamulum, press, գինու մամուլը, ginu mamuly, winepress,
գինին, ginin, wine (Armenian)

shtyp, press, shtrydhëse rrushi, winepress, verë, wine (Albanian)

մամուլում
presso-are, to press; premo, premere, pressi, pressum, to press, squeeze, prelum, winepress, vinum-i, wine
brúigh, press, firepress, winepress, fíon, wine (Irish)
brùth, press, prìs fìon, winepress, fìon, wine (Scott)
pwyswch, press, winepress, gwin, wine (Welsh)
pressare, to press; presse,  press, torchio, winepress, vino, wine (Italian)
presser, to press, pressoir, winepress, du vin, wine (French)

пахш кардан,

paxş kardan, to press, compress, шароб, şaroʙ, winepress, вино, vino, wine (Tajik)

GEŠTIN, wine,
wian, #wiána, wiyana-, wiána, wine,  winia, wian, of wine, winiant, wine deified, sai/si, #sái, uesuriie/a, to press, wisurie/a, to press together, to tie up, to be difficult, suffocate, wesuriskdla, presser, dasses, tases, pressing, to become pressing, heavy, to become heavy, kuwas-, to press, push, supress, tamas-, press, to squeeze, to attack, pester, force, tamas-,  appanda t. (Hittite)

press, [<Lat. premere],winepress,
wine [<Latin, vinum]

7-28


(See wine, 4-39)
presse (PReSSE), MS20,

See also,
4-39:
finum (FINVM) Script Z47, Z66, Z159

rati, adj. ready (to give), grace, favour; upasiddha, adj., prepared, ready, sajja, prartha, adj., ready to set out;
upaklrpna, adj. being at hand, ready, prepared,



haste, in hand


âmâdeآماده, adj. ready, âmâde kardan, to ready, hazar, حاضر, present, ready, available (Persian)



აწმყო, ats’mq’o, present, ხელთ, khelt, at hand, მზად არის, mzad aris, ready (Georgian)



ašbu, present, sitting, tenant, living in a house, inhabitant of town, ersû, ready (said of objects and people), well-trained (said of a scribe), finished (said of cloth), ḫarāṣu, ready, to become ready, adjust, to deduct, to correspond, to consider, to clarify, make clear, incise, to cut, to cut down, cut off, to cut in deeply, determine, to set, to treat, to cut off, kaṣāru, ready, to make ready, make ready for battle, to fortify, to surround   (Akkadian)

цяперашні, ciapierašni čas, present, пад рукой,
pad, rukoj, at hand,
гатовы, hatovy, ready (Belarusian)
predstaviti, present,
pri ruci, at hand,
spreman, ready (Croatian)
obecny, present,

na dłoni, at hand,
gotowy, ready (Polish)


klāt, present, pie rokas, at hand, gatavs, ready (Latvian)
klāt
klāt prezent, present,  la mana, at hand, gata, ready (Romanian)
esittää, present,
käsillä, at hand,
valmis, ready (Finnish-Uralic)





παρόν, parón, present, στο χέρι, sto chéri, at hand, έτοιμος, étoimos,
prothymos,
efkolos, ready
(Greek)

ներկա, nerka, present, ձեռքին, dzerrk’in, at hand, պատրաստ է, patrast e, ready (Armenian)
i pranishëm, present, në dorë, at hand,  gati, ready (Albanian) 


praesto, adv.;
praesto-stare-stiti
stitutum, present


i láthair, present, ar láimh, at hand, réidh, ready (Irish)
an-diugh, present, ri làimh, at hand, deiseil, ready (Scott)
presennol, present, wrth law, at hand  rhwydd, adj. easy, facile, fluent, ready,
prosperous (Welsh)

presente, present,  prestarsi, to lend oneself, pronto, ready, adj. (Italian)

présent, present, preste, adj. nimble, agile, quick; préter, to lend, ascribe, attribute, bestow; prêt, ready, (French)



nanuntarit, present, now, nanuntri(a), at the present, nanuntrit, the present, nanuntri, adj., of the present (Luvian)



 



kinuntriala /kinontriala,

kinuntrial /kinontrial,
presently, as of now, tekusie/a, present, to show oneself, tekus(a)nu , to make present, to show, reveal, hoda, readiness  (Hittite)




present, [<Lat. praesens, pr. p. of praeesse, to be present] at hand,
ready [<OE
raede]; to stand
before, to be
outstanding

7-29

presta,
Script N294
ataeva, for this very reason, therefore, ataḥ, consequently, atha-, therefore, moreover,
adas, thus, anā, thus, indeed,
asty evam, it is so, ite, refers to something that has been said or thought, or lays stress on what precedes; in the brāhmaṇas it is often equivalent to "as you know," ita, hence
ûitî [ûiti], consequently, atha [-], so, thus,

adha [-], adv., thereupon, thus, now, so, then, adhât [-], therupon, afterwards, from that place; thence; there, in that place (Avestan)
banâbarin, بنابراین,   therefore, bedin tartib, بدین ترتیب thus, pas, پس, thus, (Persian)

შესაბამისად, shesabamisad, consequently, ამიტომ, amit’om, therefore, ამგვარად, amgvarad, thus,  ამიტომ, (Georgian)


anam-, anammi-, so, in this way (Hurrian)

libbu, therein, therefrom, etc.), (prep., instead of, like, belonging to, from, in, among, according to), parts of the exta, appitti, thus, just as, accordingly, šatti, in ana šatti, therefore, thereupon for this reason, kanna, kennam, thus, in the following way, kīšuma, thus, so.  (Akkadian)  shesabamisad
xтакім чынам,
takim čynam, consequently, таму, tamut, therefore (Belarusian)
tako, thus, stoga, consequently, therefore (Croatian)
w konsekwencji, consequently, w związku z tym, therefore, a zatem, thus, (Polish)
sekojoši, consequently, tāpēc, therefore, tādējādi, thus, (Latvian)
prin urmare, consequently, thus, therefore, aşa,  so, thus,  anyway, certainly, anywise, aşadar, therefore, so, thus, then, (Romanian)
siis, consequently, siksi, therefore, täten, thus, (Finnish-Uralic)
uwntly (C συνεπώς, synepós, consequently, επομένως, epoménos, therefore, έτσι, étsi, thus, (Greek)
հետեւաբար,
hetevabar, consequently, therefore,
այդպիսով, aydpisov, thus, (Armenian)
si pasojë, consequently,
prandaj, therefore,
kështu, thus (Albanian)

hortaz, therefore, beraz, honela, thus (Basque)
proinde and proin, therefore, consequently,

sic, thus, in this way,

itaque, and so, therefore, for that reason
dá bhrí sin, thus, consequently, therefore (Irish)
mar sin, consequently, therefore, thus (Scott)
o ganlyniad, consequently, felly, thus, therefore (Welsh)
conseguentemente, consequently,
consequenza, quindi, per questo, percio, therefore,
cosi, thus (Italian)
donc, therefore, par conséquent, consequently,
ainsi, thus, (French)


ҳамин тавр, hamin tavr, so, thus, therefore (Tajik)




antuṣ, adv., thereupon, afterward, ita-waknā, adv., in such way (Tocharian)  



kisan/kinisan, thus, as follows,  abinisan (binisan?), inisan/enisan/ eniesan, thus, apēz, from there, consequently, except, apidda, therefore, adv., to there, by there, with, consequently, appizza, apata, therefore, because of that, -MA, so, thus (Hittite)
therefore, consequently, [<Lat. consequi, to follow up],

thus [<OE thus], in this way, like this, as follows, in
that case, to such a degree

7-30
proitproita (PRVITA) Script XA-28, XE-4,

See also,
9-19:

sic, Script Z357, Z396, Z405, Z1417; TC150, TC179;
sik, Script XV-12

See also,
4-120:
"therefore, for that reason,"
itek, Script Q899

asannavartin, adj., being near; antitas, adv., from near; anIti, leading near, ucitaḥ, expedient, proper



avi-, near, towards, by, contrary to,

asne [asna], from near (Avestan)






mânand, ماندان adj., nazdik, adv. near; dorost, sâyeste, proper, adj. (Persian)

ახლოს, akhlos, near, სათანადო, satanado, proper (Georgian)

ebbu, proper, pure (religiously), polished, shining, lustrous, clean, holy, trustworthy (Akkadian)












каля, kalia, near, правільны, praviĺny, proper (Belarusian)
blizu, tik, pri, near, ispravan, proper 

(Croatian)

blisko, near,
wlasciwy, proper
(Polish)

netālu, near, pareizi, proper (Latvian) APROAPE, near, next to, propriu-zis, proper (Romanian)
lähellä, near,

asianmukainen, proper (Finnish-Uralic) asianmukainen

κοντά, kontá, near,

εγγύς, ellos, near, adv. κατάλληλος, katállilos,
proper,
peripou, nearly
(Greek)

մոտակայքում,
motakayk’um, near, մոտ,
mot, near, about, circa, պատշաճ, patshach, proper (Armenian)
pranë, near, by, nearby,

afër, near, close by, nearby, i duhur, proper (Albanian)

gertu, hurko, near, egoki, proper, appropriate (Basque)





prope, adv. & prep.;
propius, proxime
proprius-a-um, ones' own, genuine, proper


in aice, near, ceart, proper (Irish)
faisg, near, ceart, proper (Scot)
agos (agos-
nesed, nes, nesaf), near, close, approximate, imminent, yn iawn, proper (Welsh)
vicino, near,

presso, near, by.prep. proprio, one's own, corretto, proper (Italian;
près, near, propre,  neat, clean, proper (French)





ksāc, close by, against,

kātse, near, [B spe], nearby (Tocharian)



manninkuwanz,

 mninku(a), maninkuwa-, near,

 mni(n)kuah, near, to draw near, come near, maninkuwah-, to get nearer, to shorten, to be close, maninkuwan,

 mninkuahi, nearby, near, mni(n)kuant, near, short, close, low,
mninkunu, near, to bring near, maninkuwah-, to be close, nearer, to get nearer, to shorten, maninkuwant-, near, short, tapūsa, tapusza, near, next to, salik-, to come near, to commit an outrage, to shoot, (GAM-an), near, with, under, at, (Hittite)




near [<OE neah], nearly; proper, [<Lat. proprius]

7-31

prope (PRVPE),
Script Q908






patati, to rush forth into a stream of arrows, vegaḥ, to rush, niṣpatati, to sally, rush










ajale کاردان  ajale kardan, to rush, hurry (Persian)
გამოიქცევიან
მეოთხე, gamoiktsevian meotkhe, to rush forth,
გაქცევა, gaktseva, to run (Georgian)



kut-, kud-, to fall (Hurrian)


maqātu, to fall, to fall down, to fall to the ground, into a pit, to fall upon something, to fall in battle, to suffer a downfall, to fall dead (said of cattle), to fall (said of fire), lightning, snow, stars, sleep, seed), to fall into somebody’s hands, etc., arāḫu, to rush against, attack, hurry, hasten, ḫâšu, to rush to a goal, move quickly nābutu, abātu, run away, to flee, darāru, run off, to be free, lakādu, to run, anānu, to run, flow, lasāmu, to run fast, serve as a runner, lasmu, running, swift (Akkadian)






кінуцца наперад, kinucca napierad, to rush forth, бегчы, biehčy, to run (Belarusian)
da krenete naprijed, to rush forth,
trčati, to run (Croatian)
pędem naprzód, to rush forth, biegać, to run (Polish)
nākt prom, to rush forth, skriet, to run (Latvian)
să se grăbească, to rush forth, a alerga, to run (Romanian)
kiirehtiä, to rush forth, juosta, to run (Finnish-Uralic)







να βιαστούμε, na viastoúme, to rush forth, τρέχω, trécho, to run (Greek)



Շտապել, shtapel, to rush forth, վազել, vazel, to run (Armenian)



për të nxituar, to rush forth, me vrapu, to run (Albanian)

Korrika egin, to run, presaka, presatu, to rush (Basque)   



να βιαστούμε
proruo-ruere
rui rutum,
to rush
forth, fall down, curro-ere, cucurri, cursum, to run, to hasten, fly, run through, traverse

chun dul amach, to rush forth, a rith, to run (Irish)
gus a dhol a-mach, to rush forth, a ruith, to run (Scott)
i fruthro allan, to rush forth, i redeg, to run (Welsh)
correre avanti, to rush forth, run (Itaian)
se précipiter, to rush forth, course, running, competition, race, courir, to run  (French)

шитоб кунанд, şitoʙ kunand, to hurry, to rush, давидан, davidan, to run (Tajik)

[B klāyā-], to fall down, klālune, falling (Tocharian)

ptai/pti, pitai, piti, pattae, to run, to race, flee, fly, piddāi-, to run, to flee, to haste, ptiali/ptali,    to run off with, to carry off quickly, to whisk away, elope with a woman, pattae, #piddai, to run, pattinu, to run off with, pittenu-, to make run, to scare away, to kidnap,  huwā ->, to run, huuai/hui, huuae, hoai/hoi, to run, hurry, huhuia, to run, march, huwā(i)-, to run, flee, hunu, huinu, to cause to run,  pupuli, to run, piran h., to rush, piran arha, to run away, katta h., to run down (Hittite)




rush forth, to fall down [<OE rysc], course, coursing, to move swiftly through or over, traverse, to hasten, haste, [<OFr., of Gmc. origin],

7-32

prorse (PRVRSE)
Script Z1250

gadyam, prose, composition not metrical yet framed in accordance with harmony
نثر prose (Persian)
პროზა, p’roza, prose (Georgian)
xпроза, proza,prose (Belarusian)
proza
, prose (Croatian)

proza, prose (Polish)
prozu, prose (Latvian)
proză, prose (Romanian)
proosa, prose (Finnish-Uralic)
πεζογραφία, pezografía, prose, πεζός λόγος, pezós lógos, prose, nonfiction (Greek)
արձակ, ardzak, prose  (Armenian)
prozë, prose (Albanian)դասեր


prosa, oratio, straightforward discourse
prós, prose (Irish)
rosg, prose (Scott)
rhyddiaith, prose (Welsh)
prosa
, prose (Italian)
prose, prose (French)
prose [<Lat. prosa]

7-33

pros (PRVS)
Script TC120
prose (PRVSE)
Script Q512, R487

ucchedaniya, to be cut off; pravraska, a cut; avatta, adj., cut off, divided,


khaṇḍīkaroti, to cut in pieces



thweresaiti [thwares], to cut off, destroy (Avestan)
bir_n, to cut,

qut kirin, to cut off, qenc kirin, to truncate (Kurdish):
boreidan, بوریدان  cut, cidan, zadan, کوتاه کردن  to cut, (Persian)

შეწყვიტა, shets’q’vit’a, to cut off, განადგურება, ganadgureba, to truncate (Georgian)



arû, to cut branches,

erû, to cut trees,

gadāmu, to cut the hair or beard as punishment,

gaṣāṣu, to cut, trim mutilate,  ḫuddudu, cut, deeply cut, indented, kašāṭu, cut down, to cut down orchards, to cut off, interrupt,  karātu, to cut off, to break off, to strike, kasāmu, to cut wood, cut down trees, (Akkadian)









каб cυτ ад, kab cyt ad, to cut off, ўсячэнне, ŭsiačennie, to truncate (Belarusian)
isključiti
, to cut off,
skratiti, to truncate (Croatian)
wyruszyć, to cut off, przycinac, truncate (Polish)
lai atdalītu
, to cut off,
saīsināt, to truncate (Latvian)
pentru a șterge, to cut off, pentru a trunchia, to truncate (Romanian)
päästä pois, to cut off, katkaista, to truncate (Finnish-Uralic)


αποκόπτω, apokópto, to sever, cut off (Greek)
անջատելու համար, anjatelu hamar, to cut off (Armenian)
për të çarë jashtë, to cut off,  pres majë to truncate (Albanian)

proseco-secare-secui
sectum; prosectum-i
,
part of a victim cut
out to be offered to a god, proseco-are-ui-tum, to cut off (for sacrifice), to attend, prosequor, -qui-cutus, to attend, pursue, attack, continue,
trunco-are, to shorten, maim,
mutilate


a ghearradh amach, to cut off (Irish)
gus gearradh dheth, to cut off (Scott)
i dorri i ffwrdd, to cut off, lladd, to kill, slay, slaughter, cut, trychu, to cut, hew, pierce, amputate, lop, dissect, incise (Welsh)
tagliare, to cut off;
troncare, to cut (Italian)
couper to cut, cut off, disconnect, break, trancher, to slice (French)


કાપી નાખવું,
Kāpī nākhavuṁ, to cut off, કાપવા માટે, Kāpavā māṭē, to truncate, Kāpavā, to cut (Gujarati)
kesmek, to cut off, truncate,
kısaltmak, to truncate (Turkish)

кесу, kesw, to cut off, қиып алу, ïıp alw, to truncate (Kazakh)

буридан, buridan, to cut off, ба танаффус, ʙa tanaffus, to truncate (Tajik)

kesmoq, to cut off, truncate (Uzbek)
кесип, kesip, to cut off, кыскарат үчүн, kıskarat üçün, to truncate  (Kyrgyz)

таслах, taslakh, to cut off, тайрч авах, tairch avakh, to truncate  (Mongolian)
削減, Xuējiǎn, to cut, 切斷, Qiē duàn, to cut off, 截斷, Jiéduàn, to truncate (Traditional Chinese)

kost, cut, edge (Tocharian)



Fa-karsed, cut out (Lydian)



kuar/ur, to cut,

kurama, kuratr/kuratn,

cutting, kurana/i, cutter, kurana/i, to cut in slices kuri/kurai, island,

kursauar/ kursau(a)n, cut off, kwa, karsnu, kars, to cut off, cancel   (Luvian)



rk, to cut off, divide, ark-, to cut up, split up,

ark/rk, cut off, to divide, happesnāi-, cut up, to take to pieces, hattāi-, to cut off, to put to death, tuhhus-, tuhs-, to cut, tuhs-, to cut, to separate a girl from her lover,

tuhs, tuhus, to cut off, separate, be separated, tuhs, to cut off, tuhhus->, tuhsanna /tuhsanni, to cut off, separate, tksan sar, to cut in half, divide, tuhsant, cut, shortened,


kartae, to cut off, kuers/kurs,

kuer/kur, kuers/kurs,  kuērzi, karsa /karsk, arsae, to cut, kukurs, to cut up, mutilate, kurutsi, cutter,
kuresr/kuresn, karsesr/karsesn, cutting, karsat, cutting removal, karsiie/a, to cut up, kakur(s), to cut, maim?, 
waksur, to cut?, mark-, to cut, distribute,  (Hittite)


















 








 



to cut  [<ME cutten] off, plough up, truncate [<Lat. truncare], to shorten, cut, prosecute, to inititate and conduct a legal action, [<Lat. prosecutus, pp. of prosequi, to follow up]

7-34

prosikuren
(PRVSIKVREN),
Script R186, R204
x x x x psallo-psalleere x play on or sing to a stringed instrument
7-35
pseile, Script XT-4
psein, Script XQ-9






paścāt, after, soon, afterwards, then



[-aem, then, but, and, at (Avestan)
baad az, 
بعد از , after, since, pas az, پس از, adv., after, afterwards, subsequently, dar
peye,
درپی,  adv.,after, dar sadd, در صدد, adv., after, subsequently, later, afterwards  (Persian)



შემდეგ, shemdeg, after, then (Georgian)

aḫrūn,*arkat, arki, after, dāt, after,  behind, dātu, afterwards, ulliš, at that place, over there, afterwards, subsequently, moreover, furthermore (Akkadian)

пасля, paslia, after, потым, potymтады, tady, then (Belarusian)
nakon, after, po, by, on, for, per, in, after (Croatian)
gdy, when, as, after, po, pozniej, za,
after (Polish)

pēc, after, tad, then, after (Latvian)

după, after,  APOI, afterwards, then; inapoia, behind (Romanian)
jälkeen, after, in succession to, sitten, after, then, since (Finnish-Uralic)

μετά, metá, after, Αφού, afoú, after, for as much as,
προσεχής, prosechis, next,
έπειτα, épeita, prep. next, then, τότε, tóte,  then,  (Greek)
հետո, heto, after, ապա, apa, then, there, afterwards (Armenian)
megjithë, after, for,
pas, after,  prapa, behind,  për, prep., about, in, after, pasi, conj. after (Albanian)

andoren
, after, gero, after, next (Basque)


deinde, dein, from there, then, next,  therafter, dienceps, successively, in order, post, posterior,  postea, adv., after

tar éis, after (Irish)
às deidh sin, after (Scott)
ar ol, after, left, behind, posterior; gwedi, adv. after, afterwards; wedi, prep. after, adv. afterwards; yn ol, after
(Welsh)
poi, then, later, after,
dopo, en seguito, after, then, next  (Italian)
puis, then, après, after, afterwards, next  (French)


પછી, Pachī, after, then (Gujarati)
sonra, then, after (Turkish)
keyin, so'ng, adj., adv., after, then, 
orqasida, adv., after,(Uzbek)
пас аз,  pas az, after,
баъд, ʙa'd, then, afterwards (Tajik)
кийин, kiyin, after, ошондо, oşondo, then (Kyrgyz)
дараа,
daraa, after, дараа нь, daraa ni, after, then (Mongolian)

antuṣ, thereupon, afterwards (Tocharian)


epñte, thereafter,  epñ, afterwards (Lycian)

epñ, afterwards (Mylian)



EGIR, after, āppan, after, following, appan, adv., after behind,   (EGIR-pa), appa, after, back, again, behind, up to, appezziyan, adv., after, then, kuit, after, as soon as, since, mahhan, (GIM-an), conj., after that, as soon as, as, when, (Hittite)





after [<OE aefter], then [OE, thenn],
later, afterwards,
on, next,

7-36


puia (PFIA) Script N294
peia Script N294, (See pious)
poia, puia (PVIA), Script Z1780, AT-15, AJ-3







Śaknoti, to be able, samarthaḥ, śaktaḥ, able, tirate, tarate, to overcome, turvant (an epitaph of Indra)













Tauruuaiieiti, to overcome, (Avestan)
ghâbel, قابل able (Persian)
შესაძლებელი
, shesadzlebeli, to be able, შეუძლია, sheudzlia, able (Georgian)


lēû, able, capable, skilled, to be an expert, to master, to understand something, maṣû, able, to be able to, to be able, to be equal to, to make equal, to be sufficient for, tele' û, able, experienced, ibašši, possibly, there is, yes (Akkadian)

xбыць у стане,
być u stanie, to be able, ў стане,
ŭ stanie, able (Belarusian)
biti u mogućnosti, to be able, u stanju, able (Croatian)
być w stanie, to be able, zdolny, able (Polish)
būt spējīgam, to be able, spējīgs, able (Latvian)
a fi capabil, to be able
, capabil, able, abilitate, ability, (Romanian)
pystyä
, to be able, able (Finnish-Uralic)


xνα είσαι σε θέση,
na eísai se thési, to be able, ικανός, ikanós, able, στάση, stasi, pose, (Greek)
կարողանալ, karoghanal, to be able, կարող, karogh, able  (Armenian)
te jesh i afte, to be able,
i aftë, able (Albanian)


ahal izateko, to be able, posible, ahalgarri, possible, gaitasuna, ability, trebetasun, skill, ability, know-how, paratu,  pose (Basque)

queo, quire, quivi, and quii, quitum, to be able,
habilis-e, easily managed, handy,


possum, posse, potui, to be able, one may, one can, to avail, have influence

a bheith in ann, to be able, in ann, able (Irish)
a bhith comasach, to be able, comasach, able (Scott)
i allu, to be able, galluog, able (Welsh)
essere in grado, to be able, capace, able (Italian)
pour être en mesure, to be able, capable, able (French)







cämp
- (vb.)  [B cämp-], to be able,
cämplune, ability (Tocharian)



tarra, tra (tara?), to be able, tarhu, able to defeat, to be powerful, defeat, conquer, ulkisra/wlkisra, able, experienced, skilled (Hittite)











to be able [<Lat. habilis], capable [LLat. capabilis], capacious [<Lat.capax], spacious,

ability [<OFr. habilite < Lat. habilis],
station, position, place,{<Lat. stare, to stand],
pose, possible, {<Lat. possibilis]
7-37

quisi,
Script MS13,

See also,
7-19:
pos (PVS) Script R619, R530, XK-2
posa (PVSA) XM-4
pose (PVSE),
Script N349, Q74, R248

kaṭiḥ, hip, ūruḥ, ūrū, sakthi, thigh, *lāvaṇa-, thigh, ham of a hog,



mfsi ran, مفصل ران hip (Persian)
ჰიპ,
hip, hip (Georgian)


antaka, loins, room (Hurrian)


gilšu, hip, flank,  qablu, hips, center, middle part, middle, loins, waist, trunk of a date palm, belt, (Akkadian)
тазабедраны,
tazabiedrany, hip (Belarusian)
kuk, hip (Croatian)
cześć p, hip (Polish)
gurns, hip, muguras gabali, (gabali, pieces) gurns, loins (Latvian)

şold, rină, hip (Romanian)
lonkka, hip (Finnish-Uralic)
ισχίο, ischío, hip, γάμπα, gámpa, shank, (Greek)
հիպ, hip, hip (Armenian)
hip, hip (Albanian)

aldaka, hip, izter, thigh (Basque)
coxendix-icis, of the hip
cromáin, hip (Irish)
hip, hip (Scott)

clun, hip (Welsh)
anca, fianco, hip (Italian)
hanche, hip,
jambe, shank, (French)

ж
જાંઘ, Jāṅgha, thigh, (Gujarati)
kalça, hip, thigh (Turkish)
амбас,
jambas, hip, thigh (Kazakh)
xip, hip (Tajik)
сан, san, hip (Kyrgyz)
хип, khip, hip (Mongolian)

側翼, Cèyì, flank (Traditional Chinese)

MUŠ, hip, tasku(i), thigh bone, sakuta(i), thigh,
wala/wali, thigh, thigh bone?, antaka, loins, room, Hurrian word,   (Hittite)
of the, hip, [<OE, hype],   haunch [< ME hancha, of Gmc. origin]

7-38
QOXANII
(QV
ANII), Script J3-6

See also, "loins, flank, thigh, flank,"
5-54:

luns (LVNS), Script, PL-28 (Area of Piacenza Liver, a sheep's liver made in bronze used in divination)
x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx x quartan-quartanas-a-um, of the fourth
x of the fourth

7-39
qurtinii (QVRTINII) Script J1-7



pāpam, crime, duṣṭaḥ, dur-, evil, durācāraḥ, evil minded, praharati, to strike, pratyarthin, defendant, mahaparadha, great crime; sagas, adj. guilty of a crime; enas, sin, crime, fault; prativadin, adj., contradicting,
disobedient,
adversary, opponent,
defendant,
apuṇya (f. ṇyā), apavitra, apūta, unholy, affix, -ka, bad



akha, bad, evil (Avestaan)
x
defâ'
kardan, to
defend; majerm,
مجرم, convict, criminal, offender, jerm, جرم crime, felony, offence, gonâh, گناه,  guilt, felony, sin, blame,
bady, بدی evil, depravity, wrong, etc., (Persian)
ბოროტი,
borot’i, evil, დანაშაული,  danashauli,
crime, გაფიცვისთვის,
gapitsvistvis, to strike, მოპასუხე, mop’asukhe, defendant (Georgian)

āmišu
, evil,
ḫullu, adj., evil, lumnu, to act in evil way, commit evil, štu, evil deed, to commit evil deed, ēpiš lemutti, lemnu-amēlu, evil man, villain,  lemnu, evildoer, evil, enemy, kāipu,   gillatu, evildoer, ḫābilu, evildoer, criminal, evil person, demon, lawless, lemnēti, to side with evil, damiqtu, evil, bad luck, epēšu, evil magic, act, work, šapātu, treacherous, malicious, ḫaītu, wickeness, evil, āṭû, portending evil, wrong, faulty, (Akkadian)





















зло, zlo, evil, злачынства, zlačynstva, crime, ударыць, udaryć, to strike, адказчык, adkazčyk, defendant (Belarusian)
zlo, evil,
kriminal, crime, pogoditi, to strike, tuženik, defendant (Croatian)
zło, evil,
przestępstwo, crime, uderzyć, pozwany,
defendant (Polish)

ļaunums, evil, noziegums, crime, streikot, to strike, apsūdzētais, defendant (Latvian)
nesfânt, unholy, abject, nefarious, rău, evil RĂU, REA, RA, bad, defendant, evil, wrong, foul, ill, crimă, crime, să lovească, to strike, pârât, defendant (Romanian)
paha, evil, rikollisuus, crime, iskeä, to strike, vastaaja, defendant (Finnish-Uralic)  

κακό, kakó, evil, έγκλημα, énklima, crime, να χτυπήσει, na chtypísei, to strike, εναγόμενος enagomenos, defendant (Greek)
չար, ch’ar, evil,

W-kesh; E-vad, վատ, vat, bad, հանցանք, hants’ank’, crime, գործադուլի համար, gortsaduli hamar, to strike (Armenian)
e keqe, evil, krim, crime,
për të sulmuar, to strike
 i
akuzuar, i pandehur,
defendant, (Albanian)

salatua, demandatu, defendant, oker-eguile, wrongdoer, gaiztoak, evil,
doilor, adj., evil, infamous, txarra, bad (Basque)



rea-ae, f. reus-i, defendant, culprit,  defendo -fendere-
fendi-fensum
, to
repel, ward off, drive away,
malus-a-um, evil, scelus, crime, ferio-ire, to strike,
crimen-enis, crime,

nefas, unholy, contrary to divine command


olc, evil, coireacht, crime, chun stailc, to strike (Irish)
olc, evil,
eucoir, crime, airson stailc, to strike (Scott)
diffynnydd-ion, defendant, trosedd, crime, hyll (f. hell; pl. hellion) adj. ugly, hideous, grisly, gruesome (Welsh)
reato, crime,
il male, evil, nefasto, adj. ominous, unfortunate, colpire, to strike (Italian)
rayer, to strike, cancel, erase, expunge,
la criminalité, crime, mal, evil (French)


ગુનેગાર, Gunēgāra, criminal, culpable, પ્રતિવાદી, Prativādī,  defendant, દુષ્ટ, Duṣṭa, evil, bad, unholy, cursed (Gujarati)
suçlu, criminal, sanık, defendant , kötülük, evil (Turkish)
қылмыстық,
qılmıstıq, criminal,
сотталушы, sottalwşı, defendant, жауыз, jawız, evil (Kazakh)
jinoyatchi, criminal, malfeasant,
sudlanuvchi, defendant, yovuzlik, evil, wickedness (Uzbek)
ҷинояткор,  çinojatkor, criminal, ьавобгар,
ʹavoʙgar, defendant, бад, ʙad, evil, bad,wicked (Tajik)
кылмышкер, kılmışker, criminal, коргоочу,
korgooçu ayal, defendant, аялжаман, jaman, evil (Kyrgyz)
гэмт хэрэгтэн, gemt kheregten, criminal, 
хариуцагч, khariutsagch, defendant, муу юм, muu yum, evil  (muu, bad, worse) (Mongolian)

akuśal* [B akuśal], adj. evil, inauspicious, āsrap*, evil, umparäñ*, adj., evil, bad, omäskeṃ, evil, bad  (Tocharian)

adua, adual, adual(i), adualahit, aduali(a), evil, atuwa,atuwal(i) atuwalada, of evil, atuwalahit, atuwalastar, evilness,
hoapnadr/ hoapnan, evilness, paratasata, bad quality (Luvian)(Luvian)


huuapp/hupp, to do evil, hoapa, evil, bad, hoapnadr/ hoapnan, evilness,
huwappa, evil, harm, HUL,

(HUL-ues-), to become bad, worsen, to become nasty, quarrel, (HUL-atar), evil, nastiness,  (HUL-ah-), to make evil, to act badly, idālu, idālu- evil, harm, idalaues, to become evil, idālus, bad, idalawes, bad, to become bad, idalauahh, idalawah, badly, to treat badly (Hittite)


party to a lawsuit, defendant, accused, to accuse, [<Lat. accusare] a  person; culprit, evil, bad, [< ME badde] crime [<Lat. crimen-enis], to strike, [<OE strican] to strike, panderer, sexual procurer, pimp, (<Pander, a procurer of sexual
favors in Chaucer's
Canterbury Tales),

nefarious  [<Lat. nefas]

7-40

ra (RA) Script Z761, TC120, R36, K110
rae, Script Z412, PL-13  (This is an area of the Piacenza Liver)

See also,
6-27, "unholy, evil, nefarious,"

naph, (NAΦ)
Script S-1;
naphar, (NAΦAR) Script N184

vachana, talk, vad.h, to talk; vadin, adj.
speaking, discoursing,
asserting, expressing, speaker, explainer, teacher, disputant, plaintiff, accuser, plaintiff, defendant;
rach.h, to form







vac [-] to speak, say,
(framraomi [fra -mrû] mrû- [-] aoj-aojaite, to call; sanghaite
[sangh] (Avestan)
vâxtan, to speak, harf zadán, حرف زدن,  to speak, talk, converse, sohbat kardan, صحبت کردن, to speak, address, talk, converse, soxan goftán,  سخن گفتن,  to speak, talk,   goftan, گفتن to relate, reherse, bayân kardan, بیان کردن to tell,  rabt dâdan, ارتباط دادن to relate, connect, link, nmayandnنمایاندن, to say, unroll, declare nmayandn
(Persian)

ლაპარაკი, lap’arak’i, to speak, თქმა, tkma, to tell, say, დაკავშირება, dak’avshireba,
to relate (Georgian)

ti(j)-, tiw- to say, ti-, to speak,
al-, to speak, say, pal, pāl-, to tell, pronounce, (Urartian)
ḫill-, ḫil(i)- to say, to tell,
χıll- , to speak, kad+ki, saying, remark, kad-, kul, to say, speak, kul- to say, speak, speak solemnly, kul-i-he, speech, ale-, al(u)-, to speak, say, tipšari (< tiv(e) + šari), speech, word, story, pāl-, to tell, pronounce Hurrian)



dabābu, to speak, talk, tell, relate, agree, litigate, complain, dibbu, talk, word, report, gossip, rumor, matter, legal case, lawsuit, agreement, dābibu, talker,  atmû, speech, pronouncement, wording, āmânû, talker, âdu, speak, to speak, make an utterance, qabû, speak, to tell, to say, report, recite, enumerate, promise, name, call, decree, take an oath, etc., qerēbu, to speak to someone, fasten, serve meals, to claim, bring an alliance, have sexual relations with a woman, approach, be available, be present, etc.,  zakāru , to speak, proclaim, invoke, to name, mention, take an oath, declare, order, etc. (Akkadian)




гаварыць, havaryć, to speak, казаць, kazać, to tell, say, суадносіць, suadnosić, to relate (Belarusian)
havaryc, to talk, speak;
razmawlac,  to speak, talk to someone,
raicca, to consult, ask
(Belarus)

govoriti, to speak, reći, to tell, say, povezati, to relate (Croatian)
govoriti, razgovarati, to speak
(Serbo-Croatian)
mowic, to speak,
powiedzieć, to tell, say, odnosić się, to relate, spoke, spoke (Polish)
gerbtun, to say; bilet, vait'at, to speak (Baltic-Sudovian)
runāt, to speak, pateikt, to tell, teikt, to say, saistīt, to say (Latvian)

tarti, taryti, to speak (Lithuanian)
a vorbi, to speak, a spune, to tell,
a zice, to say,  să se refere, to relate, RĂCNI, to speak loudly, to roar (Romanian)
puhua, to speak,
kertoa, to tell,
sanoa, to say,  samaistua, to relate (Finnish-Uralic)









να μιλήσω, na milíso, to speak, λέγω, légo, to say, tell, αναφέρω, anafero, to mention, σχετίζο, schetizo,
to relate; lego,
dilgoumai, to tell, tetoreso, will say clearly (Greek)
Խոսել
, khosel, to speak, պատմել, patmel, to tell, կապակցելու համար, kapakts’elu hamar, to relate (Armenian)
për të folur
, to speak, te tregosh
, to tell, të thuash, to say, për t'u lidhur, to relate,
shpreh, said (Albanian)

hitz egin, solas egin, to talk, mintzatu, to speak (Basque)



dico-dicere-dixi,
dictum
, to indicate,
appoint, say, speak,
tell, mention;
loquor, loqui, locutus, to speak, to tell, say, talk of





a labhairt, to speak, a insint, to tell, le rá, to say, a bhaineann leis, to relate, a thuairisciú, to recount  (Irish)
gus bruidhinn,
labhair, va., to speak, airson innse, to tell, a ràdh, to say, gus ceangal a dhèanamh, to relate, airson aithris, to recount (Scott)
i siarad
, to speak, talk, areithio, to speak, make a speech, harangue; dweud, to say, speak, tell; llefaru, to speak, utter; parablu, to speak;
i adrodd, to recount (Welsh)
komz, to speak (Breton)
dire, to say, to tell, parlare, to speak, raccontare, ricontare, to tell (Italian)
dire, to say, parler, to speak, raconter, to relate, narrate, tell, recount (French)

rake, reki, to speak,ākl- (vb.), to teach, [B ākl-] ‘learn’ (Tocharian)
tro-, tor, to speak (Lydian)
tri, to speak (Lycian)
lele/i-: A leli, tongue, speech, (Mylian)


wer, #wer- to say, to call, to speak (Palaic)

tēzzi, to say, anda, to say, 
#tar-, tar-, te, - ter/tar, tr, to speak to, tarsik-, to talk again, to proclaim, mema/memi, #mema,  mēma-, mēmiya->, mema /memi, mema/ mem, memiie/a, to say, speak,  memu, to speak, talk, to make someone talk, memāi-, to talk, to say, to announce, smen/samn, to say, to state, to speak to, qabū>, to speak, mernu, to speak, to talk, to make someone talk, qabū>, speak, asatsa, to speak to, uddaniie/a uddanalliie/a, to speak about, to, utnalie/a, utnie/a, to speak about, to conjure, bewitch, werija, #werija, to speak, to call, lāla-, talk, tongue, rumors  (Hittite)




to speak [<OE sprecan], talk [<ME talken],
recount; to speak loudly, to say [<OE secgan], tell [<OE tellan], relate [< Lat. relatus, pp. of referre, to refer, recount [<OFr. reconter],
terse, brief and to the point [Lat., tersus, pp., tergere, to wipe off]

7-41


rac, Script Z192,
rak, ScriptZ263, Z336, Z412, Z516, Z582, Z1048, Q335
RAKaR,
Script
Z156, Z164, Z190, Z327, Z405, Z969, Z1013, Z1016, Z1027, Z1846, Z1869


dīrgharoṣa, long in anger, bearing a grudge


x

x

x

simultus, invidia, grudge, odium, malevolentia, rancor


rancor, grudge (Italian)
rancune
, spite, grudge (French)


Racun Lasa, Etruscan divinity
rancor,
7-42


Racun (RACVN),
DM-14
x x x ῬέαῬέαῬέα, Rhea, wife of Cronos (Greek)
x x Rhea, Rheia, mother goddess, Titanes, mother of Zeus, Hera & Tethys (aka Cybele)

7-43
Raia (AL RAIA) Script MG-1



samāharati, to rally, gather again, reunite, div, dIvyati, -te, to shine, play, rays of light or the dice, play at dice, sport, joke, trifle with, mock, rally

pas zadan, پس زدن to rally, repel, reject, rebound, jhash bardan, جهش کردن to rally, recoil, rebound (Persian)

აქციაზე, aktsiaze, to rally (Georgian)

ралі, rali, to rally (Belarusian)
reli, to rally (Croatian)
do rajdu, to rally, zlot,
rally (Polish)


rallēt, to rally (Latvian)
pentru a raliului, to rally (Romanian)
ralliin, to rally (Finnish-Uralic)


να συσπειρωθεί, na syspeirotheí, to rally, synathroisi, syllalitirio, rali
(Greek)

հանրահավաքը,
hanrahavak’y, to rally (Armenian)
për të mbledhur, to rally,  shpotit, rally (Albanian)

rally egiteko, to rally (Basque)

restituo-uere-ui-utum,
to put back, replace, restore, to reinstate, reestablish, repair, make good
,

recolligo-igere-egi-ectum, to gather up, to recover, reconcile

chun rally, to rally (Irish)
gu rally, to rally (Scott)

i rali, to rally, atgynnull, to reassemble, rally
(Welsh)
raccogliere,
radunare, to rally (Italian)
rallier, to rally (French)

to rally [<OFr.
rallier], rejoin
Ral - name
Ralia, gen. sing. decl. of Ral
Ralisa - name
Thalna,(ʘalna) - name of mother of Helen, consort of Tinia / Zeus

7-44


Ral, Script K60, TC80, TC283, GA-3; J5-7
Ralia, Script CP33
Ralisa, name, TC80;




śākhā, branch,
tāmram, copper, tamra, adj., copper-coloured, dark-red, copper or a copper vessel prazakhika, a small branch or bough; vaya, bough, branch; race, family;


sâxe, so'be, branch,

mes, مس copper
(Persian)


ფილიალი, piliali, branch, სპილენძი, sp’ilendzi, copper (Georgian)



anānu, erû, copper,


asisû, a word for copper, eripu, akkullānu, eripu uššu, copper object, copper object, erû-a’, to mine, smelt copper, ahuš’u, poetic expression for copper, armatu, copper part on door, ammuṣu,  tēlūtu, qualifying copper, la’šu, qualifying copper ore, ḫassu, leafy bough, arinû, branch, aṭṭu, branch, twig, staff, stick, atappu, small branch of a canal, appau, branches, brush (Akkadian)





філіял, filijal, branch,
медзь, miedź, copper (Belarusian)
podružnica, branch, bakar, copper (Croatian)
galaz, konar, bough, branch, glina, miedz,  copper; braz, bronze (Polish)

ramură, branch,  RAM, antler, bough; RAMURI, antlers, boughs; arămi, to coat with copper, copperplate, ARAMA, brass,  cupru, copper
(Romanian)

kupari, metalli, copper,haara, branch, arm, limb, offshoot, crotch (Finnish-Uralic)

κλαδί, kladí, branch, χαλκός, chalkós, copper, (Greek)
մասնաճյուղը,
masnachyughy, branch, պղինձ, pghindz, copper (Armenian)
degë, bough, branch,
bakër, copper,  bronz, bronze (Albanian)

kobrea, copper, adar, branch, horn, shaft (Basque)

nahas, نحاس copper, brass, barunz, برونز bronze, qasdayr, قصدير tin, hadid, حديد iron, khama, خامة ore (Arabic)

ramus-i, bough,
branch, twig; aes,
copper
remeo-are, to return, go back


géaga, branch, copar, copper (Irish)
meur, branch, copar, copper (Scott)
cainc (cangau, ceinciau), branch, arm, bough, limb; rhaidd (rheiddiau), spear, antler,
copr, copper (Welsh)
ramo, branch, trade; rame, copper; ramare, to coat with copper (Italian)
branche, branch, ramure,  boughs, antlers, rame, stick, oar; cuivre, copper (French)




karke [ B karāk*], branch, kśāñ  (Uigh. baqïr) [B kuśāne*] copper coins (Tocharian)

alkistan, a branch
(Hittite)




bough, antler,
[<OF antoillier],
sticks, oar;
copper?

7-45

ram, Script BS-26
rama
s, Script Au7,
ramo (RAMV),
Script Au74, N216;
ramor (RAMVR),
Script Z817;
ramoer (RAMVER),
Script Z826

See also,
1-52, copper, bronze, tin, gold, silver,
ais, Script Z525,
Z263, Z432, Z614,
Z681, Z887, Z1080,
Z1274, Z1410,
Z1591, Z1864, XQ-4, J41-12

x x x x x x Rameras, name

7-46
RAMeRAS, Script VP-8

vrkka, vṛkkayo- ryugalam, the
kidneys,
vraṇam, wound







kolye, کلیه gorde, گرده kidney, sadme, صدمه  wound (Persian)

თირკმელი, tirk’meli, kidney, ჭრილობა, ch’riloba, wound (Georgian)



kalītu, kidney of an animal,region of the kidneys, small of the back, a constellation or fixed star, gibbous moon, dikšu, wound caused by piercing, severed, piercing pain, pitḫu, wound, gash, paḫānu, to wound, miḫu, wound, stroke of a tool, blow , a decoration of precious stones, weaving, woven cloth, a wooden part of a door, part of a measuring box,   (Akkadian),

нырка, nyrka, kidney, рана, rana, wound (Belarusian)
bubreg, kidney, rana, wound (Croatian)
nerka, kidney, rana, wound (Polish)
RINICHI, kidney,
răni, RANĂ, wound, injury (Romanian)
munuainen, kidney,

haava, wound (Finnish-Uralic)





Νεφρό, nefró, kidney, πληγή, pligí, wound (Greek)
երիկամը,  yerikamy, kidney, վերքը, verk’y, wound (Armenian)
lloj [fig.], veshkë, kidney,
plagë, wound (Albanian)


giltzurrun, kidney, zauria, wound (Basque) 

renes-um, the
kidneys;
rana-ae, frog
vulnus, wound; vulerare, to wound


duáin, kidney, créachta, wound (Irish)
dubhagan, kidney, leòn, wound (Scott)
aren
-nau, kidney, elwlen (elwlod), kidney,
clwyf, wound (Welsh)
rene, kidneys, ranno, will,
ferita, wound, ferire, to wound (Italian)
rein, kidney, blessure, wound (French)


the kidney(s)?
wound? [<OE wund]

7-47


ran, Script Z378,
Z1444, Z1861
rane, or thane Script DK-2
ranes, Script Au55
RANeS Script Z214, Z308, Z953, Z1057
rani, Script Z91
rano (RANV) Script Q183



apathe pātayati, mislead, vañcayate, to deceive, luṇṭhati, plunder, luth, lunth, lunthati, to rob, steal, plunder balātkāreṇa bhuṅkte, rape  loptra, lotram,  stolen property, plunder, booty; musay, -yati, to rob, snatch away,
plunder;
haraṇam, abduction, rape, ramate, ravish,

ghart kardan, غارت کردن to plunder,

jostoju kardán, جستجو کردن to plunder, pillage, etc., dozdidan, to steal  (Persian)



შეცდომა, shetsdoma, mislead, ძარცვას, dzartsvas, robbery, გაძარცვა, gadzartsva, loot, გაუპატიურება, gaup’at’iureba, rape (Georgian)


irb-, rob, to carry, steal (Urartian)
tal-, to steal, pull out (hurrian)


gullubu, to rob, despoil, shave, consecrate a priest, ḫabātu, to rob, take away by force, ḫabbātu, robber, ḫamāṣu, to rob, despoil, take off clothing by force, *nabā’u, to plunder, laqātu, to plunder, to strip a house, to subdue, to take away (by force), to gather, to collect, to  glean, to pick up, to gather, to be destroyed, mašā’u, to plunder, to be plundered, to rob a person, to be robbed, to abduct, to take away by force, miše’tu, plundering, despoil cities, houses, etc., mazû, to rape, produce a liquid, to squeeze, mašši’u, robber, muš allilu, nabl’u, plunderer, naqābu, to rape, deflower, ḫabbātu militu, nabutu?, robbery, ḫubtu, robbery, booty, loot, captive, prisoner of war, waku, in wakumma epēšu, to rob (Akkadian) 

 


ўводзіць у зман,
ŭvodzić u zman, lead astray, рабунак,
rabunak, plunder, згвалтаванне,
zhvaltavannie, rape (Belarusian)
iznevjeriti, lead astray, plijen, plunder, silovanje, rape (Croatian)
sprowadzać na manowce, lead astray, grabież, plunder, rzepak, rape, pladrowac, rabowac, rob, rabunek, robbery
  (Polish)

sarioti, to devastate, to loot (Lithuanian)
maldīties, to lead astray, laupīt, to loot, plunder, sirt, to loot?, zagt, to steal, izvarot, to  rape (Latvian)
conduce rătăcit, lead astray,
jaf, plunder, robbery, rapine, loot, viol, rape,  răpi, to  abduct, rape, rob, steal, kidnap (Romanian)
ryöstämään, to plunder, raiskaukseksi, to rape, ryöstää, to rob, johtaa harhaan, to lead astray (Finnish-Uralic)


οδηγήστε παραστρατιωτική, odigíste parastratiotikí, lead astray, λεηλασία, leilasía, plunder,  βιασμός, viasmós, rape, κλέπτω, klépto, to streal (Greek)
առաջնորդել մոլորված,

arrajnordel molorvats, lead astray, թալանը, t’alany, plunder, loot, բռնաբարություն, brrnabarut’yun, rape (Armenian)
çojë në rrugë të gabuar, run astray, plaçkitje, plunder, përdhunim, rape,

rrëmbej, to whip, për të vjedhur, to rob (Albanian)



lurreratzeko, to plunder, lapurreta egin, to rob, bortxatu, to rape (Basque)




raptum-i, plunder;
rapere, to rush off,
pervert, lead astray


plunder, plunder, mar thoradh air, lead astray, éigniú, rape, Taid, thief (OIr.),
gadaí, thief, robber
  (Irish)
creachadh, plunder, a 'treòrachadh, lead astray, èigneachadh, rape, mèirleach, thief (Scott)
arwain tramgwydd, lead astray, profedigaeth, plunder, llathruddo, to rape, traisio, to rape, trais, violence, rape, force, rhywiol, sexual rape, lleidr, thief, robber (Welsh)
portare fuori strada, lead astray, rapinare, to plunder, rob, saccheggiare, plunder, rapina, robbery, stupro, rape (Italian)
s'égarer, lead astray,  rapiner, to plunder, rape, râpé, rape, rapine, rapine, extortion (French)


લૂંટ, Lūṇṭa, plunder (Gujarati)
yağma, spoil, plunder, loot, pillage, çalmak, to steal (Turkish)
тонау,
tonaw, plunder, ұрлау, urlaw, to steal, abduct (Kazakh)
talash, plunder, ravin, robbery,
o'g'irlamoq, to steal (Uzbek)

ғорат кардан, ƣorat kardan, to plunder, дуздидан, duzdidan, to steal, kidnap, sneak  (Tajik)
олжо, oljo, plunder, уурдоо, uurdoo, to steal (Kyrgyz)

дээрэмдэх, deeremdekh, to plunder, хулгайлах, khulgailakh, to steal  (Mongolian)

kärkā [B kärkā-], to steal, rob (Tocharian)

saru, plunder, booty, sarue/a, saruae, to plunder, to loot something, sāruwāi-, to plunder, sāru-, plunder, prey, sai/si/sie/a to steal, impress, to put on, (headgear); to pitch (a tent); to prick, to sting, to propel, to shoot, to throw (with sara), to push up, to send up (with kata), to send down, aplae, deceive, entrap, mrsant, deceiptful, dishonest, unholy, mrsadr, deceiption, fraud, treachery, tāya-, to rob, to steal, to abduct, tae, taie/a, to steal, #tájezzi, he steals (Hittite)


to plunder
[<MHG, plunder,
household goods], rob, rush off, lead
astray; to
loot [<Skt. lotram, plunder],
loot, valuables pillaged in time of war, spoils, stolen goods, rape, [<Lat. rapere, to seize]

7-48


rapa, Script Aph-7


RAPiN, Script
Z1292
RAPiNES,
Script Z1345


pravirala, adj., rare, isolated, very few; viralAy, -yate, to be thin or rare; alaukika, not common,
extraordinary,
strange, rare


kamyâb, کمیاب,  adj., rare, nâyâb, نایاب, adj., rare, šâz, شاذ adj., rare ( Persian)

იშვიათია, ishviatia, rare (Georgian)

рэдкі, redki, rare (Belarusian)
rijedak, raree (Croatian)
rzadko spotykany, rare, rzadki,
rzadko, rare
(Polish)

reti, rare (Latvian) RAR, rare (Romanian)
harvinainen, rare (Finnish-Uralic)

σπάνια, spánia, rare
araios, rare (Greek)
հազվագյուտ, hazvagyut, rare (Armenian)
i rrallë, rare (Albanian)

arraroa, rare (Basque) 

rarus-a-um

annamh, rare (Irish)
tearc, rare (Scott)
prin, rare, anaml, anghyffredin, godidog, tenau, rare (Welsh)
raro, rare (Italian)
rare, rare (French)


seldom, rare?

7-49

rar, Script DL-7



jātiḥ, race, kind; anūka, race, family, deśīyāḥ, natives (nation), lokāḥ, people

nezâd, نژاد race, mellat, nation, land, people, country  (Persian)

რასის, rasis, race,

ერი, eri, nation (Georgian)

lišānu, nationality, technical language, special language or dialect, commentary, slander, gossip, report, wording, statement, tongue, person or people speaking a foreign language, person (captured) able to give information, tongue of a flame, blade of a weapon or tool, plowshare, ingot (Akkadian)



Гонкі, honki, race, нацыя, nacyja, nation (Belarusian)
utrka, race, narod, nation (Croatian)
wyścigi, rasa, race, naród, nation (Polish)
rasă, race, naţiune, nation (Romanian)
rotu, race, kansakunta, nation (Finnish-Uralic)




Αγώνας, agónas, race, έθνος, éthnos, nation (Greek)
մրցավազք, mrts’avazk’, race,
ազգ, azg, nation (Armenian)
garë, race, komb, nation (Albanian)

klan, clan, tribu, tribe, lasterketa, arraza, race, nazioaren, nazio, nation (Basque)

genus-eris, race,
natio-onis, race, tribe, breed, class


cine, race, náisiún, nation (Irish)
rèis, race, dùthaich, nation (Scott)
hil-iau, race, lineage, posterity, brood, descent, cenedl (cenhedloedd), nation, gender, race (Welsh)
razza, race, breed, kind, nazione, nation (Italian)


race, race, lignée, nation, nation (French)

anturia-, native, indigenous (Hittite)

Etruscan, name the Etruscans called themselves, according to Roman historians;


7-50

See also, "people, troop, crowd"

Ras, Script BS-20
Rasiia (RASIIA) Script BR-2

Rasna
, Script
Z158, TC38;
Rasne, Script K26, K119, K124 (name the Etruscans
called themselves)

See also,
4-46, people, folk, crowd,

fol, ful (FVL),
Script L25

See also,
7-16, people,

popla (POPvLA), Script XA-22
popolo
(PVPvLV),
Script N11, N41,
N404
popolom
(PVPvLVM)
,
Script N100



tark, tarkayati, to think, suppose,
conjecture, guess, reflect, regard, ponder;
didhi, didhye,
adipdet, to appear, seem, perceive, think, make up one's mind;
man, manyate, -ti,
manute
, to think, believe, approve, commend,


sthirīkaroti, ratify






zehn, ذهن, mind, tasvib, تصویب,   ratification, fekr kardan, فکر کردن, to think, consider, judge,‘ql, عقل,  brain, mind,wisdom, understanding, yâd, یاد, memory, mind, recall, gomân kardan, گمان کردن,   to think, believe,  guess, andisidan, اندیشیدن, to think, opine, judge, celebrate, pendâštánپنداشتن, to think, conceive, suppose, manidan, to think (Persian)
ფიქრი, pikri, to think, რატიფიცირება, rat’ipitsireba, to ratify, გონება, goneba, mind (Georgian)

katāru, to think, hesitate?, kabattu, mind, liver? emotions, inside of the body, thoughts, spirit,  libbu, mind, thought, intention, courage, wish, desire, heart, etc., ḫasāsu, mindful, care for, to think of a person (said of gods and kings = to care for, to be pious, (Akkadian) 


думаць, dumać, to think, ратыфікаваць,
ratyfikavać, to ratify,
розум, rozum, mind (Belarusian)
misliti, to think,
ratificirati, to ratify, um, mind, intellect (Croatian)
myśleć, to think, do ratyfikacji, to ratify, umysł, mind (Polish)
domāt, to think,
ratificēt, to ratify, prātā, mind (Latvian)
a gandi, to think,  RAŢIONEZ, I think, reason, ratifice, to ratify, minte, mind (Romanian)
ajatella, to think,
ratifioimaan, to ratify,
mieli, mind (Finish-Uralic)

σκέφτομαι, skéftomai, to think, να επικυρώσουν, na epikyrósoun, to ratify,
μυαλό, myaló, νους, nous, mind (Greek)
Մտածել,
Mtatsel, to think,
վավերացնել, vaverats’nel, to ratify, միտքը, mitk’y, mind (Armenian)
te mendosh, to think,
për të ratifikuar, to ratify,
mendje, mind
(Albanian)

pentsatu, to think, berresteko, to ratify, gogamen, mind (Basque)




reor, reri, ratus, to think suppose, judge, ratus-a-um, determined, judged
mens-mentis,
mind, understanding


chun smaoineamh, to think, a dhaingniú, to ratify, aigne, mind (Irish)

gus smaoineachadh, to think, a dhaingneachadh, to ratify, inntinn, mind (Scott)
i feddwl, to think, cadarnhau (cadarn), to strengthen, confirm, establish, corroborte, ratify, meddwl, mind, meddwl (meddyli), to think, cogitate, deem, mean (Welsh)
pensare, to think, rata, installment, ratificare, to ratify; mente, mind
(Italian)


penser, to think, rater, to fail in, miscarry; ratifier, to ratify; mental, adj, mental; esprit, penchant, avis, intelligence (French)


મન, Mana, mind, વિચારવું, Vicāravuṁ, to think (Gujarati)
zihin, mind, düşünmek, to think (Turkish)
ақыл, aqıl, mind,
ойлау, oylaw, to think (Kazakh)
aql, mind,
o'ylash, to think (Uzbek)
фикри, fikri, mind, фикр кардан, fikr kardan, to think (Tajik)
акыл-эс,
 
akıl-es, mind, ойлонуу,  oylonuu, to think (Kyrgyz) оюун ухаан, oyuun ukhaan, mind,  бодох, bodokh, to think (Mongolian)心 神,  Xīnshén, mind, 思考, Sīkǎo, to think (Traditional Chinese)  

mala, to think, mal(a)i, to think, suppose, istanza(na)-, (ZI), mind, soul, will (Hittite)











to think [<OE thencan], suppose, judge, ratify [<Lat. ratificare] thoughtful, pensive [<Lat.penso-are, to weigh]

7-51


rat, Script Z1805;
rato (RATV), Script Q232;
ratom, ratum
(RATVM)
, Script
Z1274;
RATvM, Script
TC170, TC307
See Note (1)



haraṇam, abduction,

ramate, to ravish, rape, dharṣaṇā, defilement, rape pramatha, tearing, rape (of a woman),
overwhelming,
destruction;
grbhay,
grbhayati
, to grasp, seize; la, lati, to grasp, seize, take;
jabh, to snap at,
seize with the
mouth, crush,
destroy


  ghart, غارت,  n. booty, ravage, pillage, etc., virân kardan, ویران کردن,  to ravage; robudan, ربودن,  to abduct, purloin, seize, mosâdere kardan,


مصادره کردن,  seize, confiscate, gereftan, گرفتن to take, abduct, capture, pluck, kidnap
  (Persian)


გაუპატიურება, gaup’at’iureba, to rape, გატაცება, gat’atseba, to abduct, გაფუჭება, gapuch’eba, to ravish, წართმევა, ts’artmeva, to seize, აღება, agheba,  to take    (Georgian)



šat-, to take, seize, ši-, to take away, capture, conquer,  ḫa-, to take, par-, si, to take away, irb-, rob, to steal (Urartian)
šatt-, to take, ḫa- ,
ḫa-xz, to take (Hurrian)








abālu, to ravage, take away, oppress, undo, leqû, to take up an object, take a wife, accept gifts, bribes, tax, tribute, interest, rent, etc., ekēmu, to take away by force, absorb, laqātu, ḫabātu, take away by force, rob, snatch, *eṭru, taken away, ašāu, take away, deprive, need, desire, ekmu, taken away, eṭēru, take something away from somebody, save a person, mašā’u, to abduct, to take away by force, to rob a person, puāgu, take by force, appropriate, control, aḫāzu,  to seize, hold a person, kašādu, to seize, conceal, defeat an enemy, etc., *ušu, in ušumma epēšu, to take or the like, to remove,  mušāniḫu, adj. taking pains, nakāru, to take a person away, to abolish the rule of a king, become an enemy, etc., ṣabātu, to take hold of a person, to arrest, take, conquer a city, to think, to hold, etc., našû, take up an object, take away, raise a crop, to bear, put on clothing, seize, etc., tamāu, to take up, seize, hand over, etc. (Akkadian)

,
згвалціць, zhvalcić, to rape, выкрасці, vykrasci, to abduct, узяць, uziać, to take, захапіць, zachapić, to seize, grasp, grab (Belarusian)
silovati, to rape,
oteti, to abduct, uzeti, to take, zaplijeniti, to seize, confiscate (Croatian)
gwałcić, to rape,


porwac, to abduct, brać, to take, chwycić, to seize, grasp, grab  (Polish)
izvarot, to rape, nolaupīt, to abduct, ņemt, to take, konfiscēt, to seize, confiscate, condemn (Latvian)
pentru viol, to rape, pentru a răpi RĂPI, to abduct, a lua, to take, confisca, to confiscate, seize, condemn  (Romanian)
raiskaukseksi, to rape,

sieppaamaan, to abduct, ottaa, to take, takavarikoida, to seize, confiscate (Finnish-Uralic)


να βιάσει, na viásei, to rape, να απαγάγει, na apagágei to abduct, να παρεις, na pareis, to take, κατάσχω, katáscho, to seize, confiscate (Greek)
բռնաբարության համար, brrnabarut’yan hamar, to rape, առեւանգելու համար arrevangelu hamar, to abduct, վերցնել, verts’nel, to take, գրավել, gravel, to seize,  to attract, seize, occupy (Armenian)
për të përdhunuar, to rape, për të rrëmbyer, to abduct, arrestoj, to arrest, për të marrë, to take, kap,
për të kapur, to seize, grab, hold   (Albanian)

harro egitea, to ravish, bahitu, kidnap, hijack, abduct, oratu, to seize, catch, grab, grasp  (Basque)

rapio, rapere, rapui,
raptum, carpo-ere-si-tum, to pick, pluck, gather, tear off, travel, wear down, etc.,
carpo-ere-si-tum, to pick, pluck, gather,to snatch,


chun éigniú, to rape, chun fuadach, to abduct, a thógáil, to  take, a urghabháil, to seize (Irish)
gu èigneachadh, to rape, gus a ghoid, to abduct, gabh ri, to take, a ghlacadh, to seize (Scott)
i dreisio, to rape, i beidio, to abduct,  llathruddo, to rape, treisio, to force, ravish, violate, rape, oppress,cymryd cymryd, to take, i gipio, to seize (Welsh)
stuprare, to rape,  rapire, to ravish, abduct, kidnap, prendere, to take, predere, to seize (Italian)
ravir, to erase, raver, to ravish, abduct,
prendre, to take, saiser, to seize, grasp, grab (French)

જપ્ત કરવા માટે, Japta karavā māṭē, to seize, બળાત્કાર કરવા માટે,  Baḷātkāra karavā māṭē, to rape, મેળવવા માટે, Mēḷavavā māṭē, to capture (Gujarati)
ele geçirmek, to seize, capture, capture, almak, to take,  tahrip etmek, to ravage (Turkish)
басып алу, алу, alw, to take, ұстау, ustaw, to seize, hold, keep, capture, қирату, qïratw, to ravage, (Kazakh)
bosib olmoq, to seize, conquer, occupy, grip, to take, vayron qilmoq, to ravage, destroy, (Uzbek)
мусодира кардан, musodira kardan, to seize, забт кардан,  
zaʙt kardan, to seize, grab, invade, ба харобшавӣ, ʙa xaroʙşavī, to ravage (Tajik)

кармоого,
karmoogo, to seize, алуу, aluu, to take, зыянга учуратуу дегенге, zıyanga uçuratuu degenge, to ravage (Kyrgyz)
хураах, khuraakh, to seize, авах, avakh, to take, сүйтгэх, süitgekh, to ravage (Mongolian)
搶佔, 
Qiǎngzhàn,
to seize, grab, unlawfully occupy,
拿, Ná, to take, hold, seize,
破 壞, Pòhuài, to ravage, devestate, make havoq (Traditional Chinese)
 
entsālune (n.a.)  (Skt. ādānam), seizing, capture, entsa- [B eṅk-], take for oneself, grasp (Tocharian)
app-, to take, epa-, to take possession, (Lycian)
dah/ta, to take (Palaic)
la/lala, la(la), da, to take (Luvian)
 
ptiali/ptali,
carry off quickly, run off with, to whisk away, elope with a woman,
pittae, to carry, bring, peda/ped, to carry, take, peda/ped, to take away, take somewhere, to carry, to transport; to spend (time),      parā pēda->, pittenu->, to take away, pick, pluck,
pēhute->, pehute-arha, to take away, lead away, arha dā- , arha u, to take away, ep-, to take, to grab, to stop, to occupy a place, to take for husband/ wife,  epp- , #epp, to take, seize, appisk-, to take, appa dā-, to take back, to accept,  katta dā->, to take, capture, #ta-, to take, tāya-, to abduct, steal, to rob, da/d, to take, wed, decide, dā-, to take, take possession, dā-za, to take for oneself, daskiwan tehhi, I am taken, tslukes, to take a long time, lalata, to take away in a ritual, pēhute->, to take away, lead away, karpiie/a, karp, to take away, pick, to pluck, sarā dā-, to take as a motive, to take, to take possession, to assume, to arrest, to occupy, capture, receive, ZI-as arnu, to take away, to bring, bring, to pay, replace, fulfill desires, (Hittite)


to ravish, [<Lat. rapere, to seize], [<OFr. seisir] abduct [<Lat. abducere, carry off, kidnap] kidnap, rob of,
charm, to
seize
[<OFr. seiseir,
snatch away;
arrest [<OFr.
arester]; grab
[<MLG grabben], capture [<Lat. capere, to seize],
rob, [<OFr. rober],
confiscate, [<Lat. confiscare]

7-52


rav (RAF), Script AN42; BS-3
rava, (RAVA),
Script Au74
RAFeN, Script AT-1 (third pers. pl. rapiunt




sāraḥ, thing, essence, viṣayaḥ, material substance, matter, graahaan.h, things; tya, def. pron. that person or thing



aya, aem, this (Avestan),
چیز chiz, thing,


ماده, mâdde, matter (Persian)
aya, aem, this (Avestan)


რამე, rame, thing, მნიშვნელობა, mnishvneloba, matter (Georgian)



tive, thing, word (Hurrian)




Рэч, reč, thing, пытанне, pytannie, matter (Belarusian)
predmet, stvar
mariti, nevolja,
uzrok, thing (Serbo
Croatian)
stvar, thing,
materija, matter (Croatian)
rec, thing (Belarus)

rzecz, thing, materia, matter (Polish)
lieta, thing,
matērija, matter (Latvian)
lucru, thing,
materie, matter, ĂI, bad people, bad things, accused- pl. (Romanian)

πράγμα, prágma, thing, ύλη, ýli, matter, material  (Greek)
բան, ban, thing, մատերիա, materia matter (Armenian)
gjë, thing, material, matter
(Albanian)

gauza, thing (Basque)


res, rei





rud, thing, ábhar, matter (Irish)
rud, thing, rudeigin, matter (Scott)
 
peth-au, thing, item;
mater-ion, matter (Welsh)
cosa, thing, materia, matter  (Italian)
chose, thing, matière, matter  (French)
tra,-ou, thing (Breton)

wramm, thing (Tocharian)





thing [<OE thing],
object [<obicio
-icere -ieci, iectum
,
to oppose],
matter [<Lat. materia-ae
and materies-ei,

7-53






re, rei, ScriptR219, R238, R270, K43, Au74, etc. –
very common
in the scripts;


res, Script AH-1,
AT-13, Q171, Q701, Au55

  bordan,  to carry,



ānayati, to bring or cause to come, vahati, to carry, bear, harati, to take,  tu, taviti, to be strong, effect, bring about; prakatay, yati, to manifest, reveal, bring to light; rudh, runaddhi,
runddhe (rundhati,
te, rodhati), to
obstruct, hold back, shut up, surround, cleave to, keep prisoner; da, dadati, datte, dadati, -te
(dati, dadmi), to give, surrender,
receive, retain, carry

upa-bara [upa-bar], to bring, to carry (Avestan)
âvardan,
آوردن,  to bring,| bordan, بردن,  to carry, hamal kardan, to carry, bear, transport, rasândan, to carry, convey, dâštan, داشتن,  to bear, carry, hold retain, hold, keep (Persian)

რათა, rata, to bring, შენა, t’areba, to carry, რჩუნება, shenarchuneba, to retain (Georgian)


ši-(a-), to come, bring, irb- to carry, rob, steal, naḫ- , to carry away, sit down (Urartian),
un-, ūn-, to bring, come (Hurrian)

arû, to bring people, animals, guide, lead, rule, steer boat, erēbu, bring something, enter a house, penetrate, arrive, šūbuku, to have a person brought, matāu , to carry, to transport (timber, bricks, etc.), to pick up, to lift, to put on a garment, to rise high, kalû, to be retained, cut off, to deny a wish, a request, deny water for irrigation, delay, delay a boat, to detain, hold back a person, to keep in custody, rēdû, retainer, head of a work crew, guide, scout, soldier, etc. nabāku, to bring, usher in, naš û, to bring, to wield a weapon, to take, accept, seize, etc., kamāsu, to bring in barley, animals, etc., gather, prepare for burial, etc., qerēbu, to bring near, conclude an alliance, speak to someone, attack, have sexual relations with a woman, etc., culmu, bring greetings, tēmu, bring information, news, orders, tāru, to bring back, take back, give back, return, turn, etc. (Akkadian) 









 

давесці да, daviesci da, to bring, насіць, nasić, to carry,  захаваць, zachavać, to retain (Belarusian)
donijeti, to bring, 
nositi, to carry, zadržati, to retain (Croatian)
przynieść, to bring, zatrzymać, to retain, do noszenia, to carry (Polish)
celt, to bring, saglabāt, to retain, nēsāt, to carry (Latvian)
să aducă, to bring, a purta, to carry, rețină, to retain (Romanian)
tuoda, to bring, kantaa, to carry,
säilyttää, to retain (Finnish-Uralic)


να φέρει, na férei, to bring, carry, να διατηρήσει, na diatirísei, to retain, ypochoro, ypochorisi, retreat (Greek)
բերելու համար,
berelu hamar, to bring, կրել, krel, to carry,  պահպանել, pahpanel, to retain  (Armenian)

për të sjellë, to bring, për të kryer, to carry,  për të ruajtur, to retain (Albanian)

ekarri, to bring
, eramateko, to carry, atxikitzeko, to retain, atxiki, retain (Basque)

recipiio-cipere-cepi
ceptum
, to hold
back, retain, to take
back, retreat,,porto-are-avi-atum, to carry, convey, bring


tabhair, to bring, a iompara, to carry, choinneáil, to retain (Irish)
a thoirt, to bring,
a ghiùlaina, to carry, ghleidheadh, to retain (Scott)
i ddod a, to bring,  cyrchu, to attack, go, resort, repair, fetch, bring, get, i gario cario, to carry, bear; cludo, to carry, convey, port, bear; derbyn, to receive, meet, derive, accept, admit, i gadw, to retain (Welsh)
recare, portare, to
bring, carry,
conservare, to retain (Italian)
reçu, adj. received,
recognized, admitted; amener, conduire, apporter, to bring,
porter, to carry,
retenir, to retain (French)


гузаронидан, guzaronidan, to carry, овардан, ovardan, to bring (Tajik)


prant [B prenca], bringing, carrying (Tocharian)

pdura- (?)
3rd pduradi, pret. [p]durade; sla-: 3rd sladi/slati, 3rd imper. slatu, 3rd pl. imper. Slãtu  to bring (Mylian)

arnu-, uwate->, uuate/uuat, anda u., parā u., weda-, uda-, to bring, #arnumi, arnumi, I bring, appa u., to bring back, appa anda ep-, to bring in again, anda, bring to take care, lead, to turn back, anda ep-, bring in, to wrap, katta u., to bring back, down, pittae, pitae, to carry, bring, to render, to pay, ptiali/ptali, to carry off quickly, run off with, to whisk away, elope with a woman, pēda-> peda/ped, to bring, take, carry, to take somewhere, to transport; to spend (time), piddanna  /piddanni, to bring away, pipeda, to carry out, maninkuuanu, to bring away, bring near, uda-, to bring, to cause distress, uda/ud, uedae, wate/wat, weda, wedae, wida, to bring here, to bring near, uwate->, uuate/uuat, to bring, to lead,  tarup-, arha t., to bring, take away, taruppiianu, to bring together, trupinu, to bring together, collect, pehute/pehut, to bring there, ZI-as arnu, to bring, take away, to pay, replace, to fulfill desires, sarā u., to bring up, samnāi-, to bring up, to create, to raise (Hittite)




to bring [<OE
bringan], carry
[<Norman Fr.
carier], bear, [<OE, beran],
convey, take, retain [<Lat. retinere],

7-54


rec, Script Z1292
reces, Script R50,
R71

x x RECE, cold (Romanian)
x regia-ae, palace, royal family; adv.
Regie, royally, tyrannically
x Recia, name?   palace?

7-55
Recia, SCRIPT CF-8

vidhidrst, adj.,
prescribed by rule, regular;
rajya, adj., fit to reign, royal; kingship,
sovereignty, reign, kingdom, country;
raj, rajati, -te,
rasti
; to reign, rule, direct, be master of, shine, glitter, be
illustious or eminent,
śāsti, to govern





xshi [-] can (ahm) to govern, rule (Avestan)

edâre kardán, اداره کردن  to govern, direct, administer, ta'yin kardán, تعیین کردن, to appoint, govern, assign,

(Persian)
,
გამორიცხავს
, gamoritskhavs, to rule, მართო, marto, to govern (Georgian)




arû, to rule, lead, bring, puttu, ruler,
bēlūtu, ridūtu, to rule, rubûtu, rulership, ēnu, lord, ruler, high priest, priestess, ālu, in bēl āli,  ruler of a city, kussû, rule, royal property and service, throne, exta, a feature of the exta, dominion, lītu, rule, power, triumph, victory, , rule, order, command, mouth, mouth or river, etc., language, talk, etc., rēûtu, rule, pasturing, sheperdship, occupation of a shepherd, muttarrû, ruler, caravan leader, muma’iru, ruler, commander, satrap, mue’emu, ruler, lawgiver, šarrūtu, rule, royal status, reign, kingship, royalty, nīru, rule, domination, crosspiece, yoke, part of a door, etc. (Akkadian)

















правіць, pravić, to rule, кіраваць, kiravać, to govern (Belarusian)
vladati, to rule,
upravljati, to govern  (Croatian)
rządzić, to rule, govern, regula, rule (Polish)

valdīt
, to rule,
vadīt, to govern (Latvian)
a conduce, to rule,
a guverna, to govern,
REGLU, REGLEZ, I solve, I put in order (Romanian)
hallita, to rule, govern (Finnish-Uralic)



 





να αποφασίσω, na apofasíso, to rule,  να κυβερνώ, na kyvernó, to govern, kanonas, dioikisi, dikazo, rule, kyberno, rythmizo, govern; βασιλεύω, basilevo, basileia,  to reign (Greek)
կառավարել, karravarel, to rule, govern (Armenian)
për të sunduar, to rule, drejtoj, administroj,
për të qeverisur, to govern
(Albanian)

araua, to rule, jaurri, rule (Basque)


rego, regere, rexi,
rectum
, to rule
regulus-i, a petty
king, king's son, prince



riail, to rule (Irish)
gus riaghladhlly, to rule (Scott)
i reolaeth, to rule,
govern, control, manage, wio, to rule, govern, direct, steer (Welsh)
reggere, to support, bear, carry, govern,
governare, to govern  (Italian)
regler, to rule; régie
administration,
gouverner, to govern (French)

રાજ્ય કરવું

Rājya karavuṁ, to rule (Gujarati)
yönetmek, to rule (Turkish)
басқару, basqarw, to rule (Kazakh)
hukmronlik qilmoq, to rule (Uzbek)
ҳукмронӣ кардан, hukmronī kardan, to rule, govern, control (Tajik)

башкаруу, başkaruu, to rule (Kyrgyz)
захирах, zakhirakh, to rule (Mongolian)統治, Tǒngzhì, to rule (Traditional Chinese)

 
kākmärtune, rulership, sovereignty (Tocharian)



xñtawa-: 3rd pret. xñtawate/xñtewete, to rule, xntawati(ye, of the ruler, xñtawat(i)-: N/D xñtawati, AblI xñtawatedi, king,
xñtawata-: A xñtawatã, L xñtawata, G adj. L xñtawatahi/, kingship, asaxlaza-: A asaxlazu, governor (Lycian)

xñtabaime/i-: DL xñtabaimi, ruling, xñtaba-: A xñtabã/xñtabu, G adj. xñtabasi; xñtawaza-: N xñtawaza, kingship (Mylian)

tbar, to rule, govern, tbaraman, adj., ruling, governing,
tbaramahit, position of ruling, tbariala/i, governor, tbariala, to be governor   (Luvian)  

tapariie/a, #tapariála, tapariálato, rule, tapar-, to govern, reign, tbaria, ruling order, rule, tameuman-?, governed by foreigners, foreign, saklāi-, rule, custom, saladr/salan, rulership, kingship, greatness, mniahae, to govern, administer, be in charge, mniahai , government, administrative district (Hittite)
to support, carry,
direct, rule [<Lat. regula], govern [<Lat. gubernare]

7-56


rek, Script Q500,
R542, R546
rekin (REKYN), Script XS-1

regl (REbL), Script Q534, Q661, Q726, R22;
regle (REbLE), Script Q784, Q805
reglo (REbLV)
Script Q754

raagyii, rājñī, queen, rājā, king, rājārha, royal, king, queen
asura, godlike, powerful














ahu, ahura, god, lord (Avestan)
sahbânu, sahrbânu,
شهبانو, queen, پادشاه šâhân, شاه, king, soltân, king, baron, grand Turk (Persian)
მეფე, mepe, king,
დედოფალი, dedopali, queen (Georgian)

evri, lord, evrenne, lord, king (Hurrian)

ekallu, queen, wife of king,
erešu, šanukatu, queen, rubātu, queen, wife of a ruler,  šarratu, queen, šarratuttu, queenship, position of a queen  palû, kingship, an sign of kingship, term of office,  rotation  in office, hegemony, dynasty of a country or tribal group, supremacy of a deity, reign of a king, reign, šāpiru, king, ruler, sovereign, prefect, governor, etc., šarru, (when reffering to foreigners, often petty king, tribal chief), Regulus (Akkadian)










каралева, karalieva, queen, кароль, karoĺ, king (Belarusian)
karaleva, queen,
(Belarus)
kraljica, queen, kralj, king (Croatian)
kraljica, queen
(Serbo-Croatian)
dama, krolowa, queen, król, king (Polish)
karaliene, queen, ķēniņš, king (Latvian)
regină, queen, rege, king (Romanian)

kuningatar, queen, kuningas, king (Finnish-Uralic)






βασίλισσα, vasílissa, basilissa, queen, Βασιλιάς, Vasiliás, Basilias, king  (Greek)
թագուհին, t’aguhin, queen, թագավորը, t’agavory, king (Armenian)


mbretëreshë, queen, mbret, king (Albanian)



errege, king, erregina, queen (Basque)

regina, queen;
domina-ae,
mistress of a
household, wife,
mistress, lady; of
abstr. things, ruler
rex-regis, king, ruler, prince
regnum-i, kingship, monarchy, sovereignty


banríon, queen, , king (Irish)
ban, she, female; ban boireann, female,  righinn, bhanrigh, queen, rìgh, king (Scott)
brenhines (breninesau)
, queen; bano-au, maiden, queen, brenin, king (Welsh)
regina, queen,  re, king, reggere, to reign, (Italian)
reine, queen,
roi,  king; régner, to reign (French)


રાજા, Rājā, king, રાણી, Rāṇī, queen (Gujarati)
kral, şah,  king,
kraliçe, queen (Turkish)
патша,
patşa, king,
ханшайым,
xanşayım, queen (Kazakh)
шоҳ,
şoh, подшоҳ, podşoh, king, Шоҳзода, Şohzoda, queen (Tajik)

shoh, qirol, king,
malika, queen (Uzbek)

падыша, padışa, king, падыша аял,
padışa ayal, queen (Kyrgyz)
хаан, khaan, king, хатан хаан, khatan khaan, queen (Mongolian)
國王, Guówáng, king, 王, Wáng, king, monarch,
女王, Nǚwáng, queen (Traditional Chinese)
 


Walo, king (Tocharian)



xntawa, king, rule, xntawat(i), king, ruler,  xñtawata-, rule, kingship, xntawata, ruler, king, xntawat(i), king, royal, of the ruler, xntawati(ye), xñtawati(je, royal (Lycian)

xñtabaime/i-, ruling (Mylian)

 tbar, to rule, govern, tbaraman, ruling, governing, tbaramahit, position of governing (Luvian)








MUNUS.LUGAL, queen, hasusra, #nasusara, queen, ishasra, lady, mistress, isha, lord, master,  nasusara, a queen, hassusara-, queen, (similar to formation of ishasra, lady, mistress, from isha, lord, master), lbarna/ tbarna, title of a king, hantawat, hantawad(i), king, supreme authority, royal, (LUGAL), hasu, hassu-, king, hassueznae, to be king, hassuezziie/a, hassuuezziie/a, hassue, to become king, hasuetsna, royalty, hasuetsi, royal status, hassueznae, to be king, hassuiznāi- (LUGAL-uiznāi-), hassuwāi-, (LUGAL-uwāi-), hantawadahit, kingship,   hantawahit, kingdom, saladr/salan, kingship, rulership, greatness, (Hittite)












queen [<OE cwēn]; dame [Brit. a woman's tile equivalent to that of a knight; Lat.
domina, mistress]
king, [<OE cyning]

7-58


rena, Script Aph 22, PA9
rene, Script Z42, K146
ReNI, Script AP-1



roi (RVI) Script Z606, Z776, Z1161, Z1310, Z1334, Z1386, Z1578, Z1780, TC28, AT-10, L31, AM-3; MS-1, AF19, AM-3, FR-2, L17, RA-4, PQ-10, K177, BE-11, J42-7
roial (RVIAL), Script AT-10?
roim (RVIM), Script Z1243
rois (RVIS), Script Z1623, BT-10


navi, to renew, navikarati, to make new,
revive; vrt, vartate, ti, vavartti, tol
revolve, roll, run off, go on, happen, occur, renew,



pratyākhyāti, to refuse, reject, ucchiṣṭam, śeṣaḥ, to refuse

tâze kardan, تازه کردن to renew, rejuvenate, refresh, now kardan, نوکردن to renew (Persian)



განახლება, ganakhleba, to renew, უარის თქმა, uaris tkma, to refuse (Georgian)



eddešû, constantly renewing itself, ever brilliant, tēdištu, to renovate, renovation, renewal, *mâzu, to refuse,  nakāru, to refuse, to change a name, to be or become an enemy, speak a falsehood, move away, discard, settle persons elsewhere,deny a statement, abolish the rule of a king, etc., *mâ’u, to refuse, want, to be willing, unwilling, etc., nukurrû, denied amount of money, nugguru, to denounce, ullu, to denounse, accuse, dalāhu, denounce, disturb, embarras, stir up, etc., kalû, to deny a wish, to distrain, to stop, to be finished, to be withheld, etc., tāru, refuse an oath, return, send back, close a door, etc., uššusu, to renew, restore    (Akkadian)




абнавіць, abnavić, to renew, адмовіцца, admovicca, to refuse (Belarusian)
za obnovu, to renew, odbiti, to refuse (Croatian)
aby odnowić, to renew, odmówić, to refuse (Polish)
atjaunot, to renew,

atteikties, to refuse (Latvian)
reînnoiască, to renew, a refuza, to refuse (Romanian)
uudistaa, to renew,
kieltäytyä, to refuse (Finnish-Uralic)


να ανανεώσω, na ananeóso, to renew,  arnoumai, to deny; arnoumai,
aporripto, skoupidia, skybala, refuse (Greek)

թարմացնելու համար, t’armats’nelu hamar, to renew, հրաժարվել, hrazharvel, to refuse (Armenian)
mospranoj,
refuzoj, mohoj,
kundërshtogj, to refuse; gjallëroj, përtërij,
rivendos, riparoj, restauroj, përsëris renew (Albanian)

berritzeko
, to renew, berrezarri,
leheneratu, to restore, uko egitea, ukatu, to refuse  (Basque)

reno-are, to swim
back; renuo-nuere
nui
, to deny, refuse,
reject; renovo-are, to renew


athnuachan, to renew, diúltú, to refuse (Irish)
gus ùrachadh, to renew, a dhiùltadh, to refuse (Scott)
adnewyddu, to renew, renovate, revive, gomedd, to refuse, deny, forbid; gwrthod, to refuse, reject, deny, decline, forsake; (Welsh)
rinnovare, to renew, rifiutare, to refuse (Italian)
rénover, to renew,
refuser, to refuse (French)


નવીકરણ, Navīkaraṇa, to renew (Gujarati)
yenilemek, to renew (Turkish)
жаңару, jañarw, to renew (Kazakh)
yangilamoq, to renew (Uzbek)

нав кардан, nav kardan, to renew (Tajik)

жаңылоо, jaŋıloo, to renew (Kyrgyz)
шинэчлэх, shinechlekh, to renew (Mongolian)更新, Gēngxīn, to renew (Traditional Chinese)

ma, to refuse, do not! (Tocharian)


nawa/i, new (Luvian)

wuaksiianu, uaksiianu, to deny someone something, pessiya-, to reject, to dismiss, to project, to push, to throw, abolish, paskuwāi-, to reject, to ignore, neglect, to remove,  mimma-, to refuse, reject, mimma-, to reject someone, to refuse, refuse to know anything of someone,
mimma/mimm, mima, mim, to refuse,
suai, rejection, nēwas, #newa-, newa-, new, newa, new, fresh, maiantahh, to rejuvinate, maiantah, to rejuvenate, to install outhful vigor (Hittite)

to swim back
to deny, refuse
[<Lat. refundo
fundere -fudi
fusum
; to pour
back, make
overflow, refuse]

Reneri, name?

7-59


ren, Script Z150,
Z176, Z206,
Z369,Z665, Z913,
Z1049, Z1853,
AN112;
rena, Script PA-9
rener (RENeR)
Script Z327, Z347, Z439, Z446, Z1016, Z1021, Z1623, Z1846, Z1869, Z1905
Reneri, Script K159
ReNES, Script BT-19
reni, Script R185
ReNI, Script Z508,
Z1097,  AP-3;


reno (RENV)
Script R204, G30,
G39
rent, Script G24, G29







jātaḥ, prasūtaḥ, born, jāyate, to be born, sūte, to give birth








zâtanãm [zâta], born, brought into existence (Avestan)
nujan,
نوجان reborn (Persian)
თავიდან
დაბადება, tavidan dabadeba, born again,


აღორძინება, aghordzineba, reborn (Georgian)

ḫan-, χan-, to give birth (Hurrian)



alādu, walādu, to give birth, ēru, to give birth easily, charge, send, dispatch, prepare, proceed, keep in good order (Akkadian)





нарадзіўся зноўx, naradziŭsia znoŭ, born again, адрадзіцца, adradzicca, reborn (Belarusian)
Ponovno rođen
, born again, reborn (Croatian)

narodzić się na nowo, born again,
odrodzony, reborn  (Polish)
dzimis no jauna, born again, atdzimis, reborn (Latvian)
născut din nou, born again, RENĂSCUT, reborn (Romanian)syntyä uudestaan, born again,
uudestisyntynyt, reborn (Finnish-Uralic) 

xγεννημένος ξανά,
genniménos xaná, born again, αναγεννημένος, anagenniménos, reborn (Greek)
նորից ծնվել,
norits’ tsnvel, born again, վերածնված,veratsnvats, reborn  (Armenian)
lindur përsëri, born again, rilind, reborn (Albanian)

berriro jaio, born again, birsortzen, reborn, (Basque)

renascor-nasci, natus (Kyrgyz)

a rugadh arís, born again (Irish)
a rugadh a-rithist, born again, ath-bheothachadh, reborn (Scott)
a anwyd eto, born again, adennill, reborn (Welsh)
nato di nuovo, born again, rinascere, reborn (Italian)
né de nouveau, born again, renaître, reborn (French)
પુનર્જન્મ, Punarjanma, reborn (Gujarati)
yeniden doğmak, reborn (Turkish)
қайта туды, qayta twdı, reborn (Kazakh)
qayta tug'ilish, reborn (Uzbek)аз нав тавлид меёбад, az nav tavlid mejoʙad, reborn (Tajik)
төрөлүү,
törölüü, reborn (Kyrgyz) дахин төрөв, dakhin töröv, reborn (Mongolian)
重生,

Chóngshēng, reborn, renewed, born again (Traditional Chinese)





mi, born, has/hss, hasnu, to give birth, hasadr/hasan, begetting, birth, offspring, family, hasumr, begetting, genitals (Hittite)






to be born again

7-60

ReNAIX
Script S-15



abhiyuktaḥ, culprit, accused person, pratyarthin, defendant, mahAparAdha, great crime; sAgas, guilty of a crime; enas, sin, crime, fault; prativAdin, contradicting,
disobedient,
adversary, opponent,
defendant


gonâhkâr, bezehkâr, بزهکار culprit, corrupt, evil guilty, defâ' kardan, to defend (Persian)

დამნაშავე, damnashave, culprit,

მოპასუხე, mop’asukhe, defendant (Georgian)

parriṣu, criminal, false mendacious, ḫābilu, criminal, evildoer, ardadu, criminal, thief, narru, criminal, wrongdoer, raggu, criminal, evil, wicked, malicious person, wrongdoing, violence, masiktu, in bēl masikti, criminal, ḫīṭu, in ša ḫīṭi, criminal, sabitānu, one who apprehends a criminal, captor, 
arnu, in bēl arni, culprit, gillatu, gullultu, sin, crime, misdeed, ennetu, sin, divine punishment, gillatu, ennetu, hīṭu, šiṭṭūtu, gluluul, sin, to commit a sin, sartu, to commit a crime, arnu, to commit a sin or crime,  lemnu, to commit crimes, ḫaû, sin, to trespass, to commit an offense, to neglect, to make a mistake, to fail, miss, to damage, injure, inu, in ša īni, criminal, murderer
(Akkadian)





Злачынец, zlačyniec, culprit, адказчык, adkazčyk, defendant (Belarusian)
krivac, culprit, tuženik, defendant (Croatian)
winowajca, culprit, pozwany, defendant
(Polish)

vaininieks, culprit,
apsūdzētais, defendant (Latvian)
inculpat, culprit, RĂU, REU, bad, pârât, defendant (Romanian)
syyllinen, culprit,



vastaaja, defendant (Finnish-Uralic)vastaaja

ένοχος, énochos, culprit, guilty (Greek)
մեղադրող, meghadrogh, culprit, Պատասխանողը, pataskhanoghy, defendant (Armenian)
keqbërës, culprit, i pandehur, defendant (Albanian)



reus-i and rea-ae,
party in a law-suit;
defendo -fendere
fendi -fensum
, to
defend,
sons, sceleratus,
culprit, guilty



cosantóir, defendant, culprit, culprit (Irish)
a 'chùis, culprit,
dìonach, defendant (Scott)
troseddwr, transgressor, trespasser, offender, culprit, criminal; diffynnydd-ion, defendant (Welsh)
reo, culprit (Italian)
coupable, culprit, inculper, to indict, charge; inculpé,
defendant, (French)


[B tranko], sin (Tocharian)

wasta, sin (Luvian)

wasta->, sin, err, ustul/wstul, wastai, wasku(i), sin, offence, wastul,  sin, fault, blame, uastahh, uastae, to sin, wasta/wast, wastah, to sin, to offend, wastnu, to make as a sin, regard as an offence, wasku(a)limai, adj., sinful (Hittite)

culprit [<origin
unknown],
guilty [<OE gylt]?
defendant, accused
[<Lat. accuso-are,
to accuse]

7-61


reo, reu (REV) Script K136 or
reoi, reui (REVI)
Script K136 – see revi
reos, reus (REVS),
Script Z522, Z1591


adhikRtya, adj.,
concerning, on
account of, with
reference to;
anudeza, instruction,
advice, reference


esâre kardan,
gozâres dâdan, to refer (Persian)


მიმართოს, mimartos, to refer (Georgian)

ḫasāsu, to refer to something or somebody, to be mindul of something, care for, to think of a person (said of gods and kings  (Akkadian)

для абазначэння,
dlia abaznačennia, to refer (Belarusian)

za upućivanje, to refer (Croatian)
odnosić się, to refer

(Polish)
să se refere, to refer,  (Romanian)
viitata, to refer (Finnish-Uralic)

να παραπέμψει,
na parapémpsei, to refer, epistrefo, epistrofi,
kerdos, apodosi,
refer (Greek)

դիմել, dimel, to refer (Armenian)
për t'u referuar, to refer, dërgoj, send, drejtoj, direct,
(Albanian)

aipatzeko, to refer, igorri, to transmit, refer (Basque)

refero, referre,
rettuli, relatum
, to
carry back, bring
back, to return,
go back


chun tagairt a dhéanamh, to refer (Irish)
airson iomradh a thoirt air, to refer (Scott)
i gyfeirio, to refer, cyfarwyddo, to direct, guide, refer, prescribe; cyfeirio, to direct, point, orient, refer,
allude, address (Welsh)
riferire, to refer
(Italian)
réferer, to refer
(French)


to refer? [<Lat. referre] name?

7-62

Reph or REPHTE, Script R173, R188,
R212

rupay, -yati, to
form, model, figure, represent, perform, behold, perceive, find
out;
vid, vindati, -te, to find, meet with, get, obtain, visit, befall, have, possess; rac, racayati, to
produce, form, make, compose, write, find
out, put, place






peydâ kardan, پیدا کردن to find, encounter, discover, recover, yâftan, یافتن, to find, discover, encounter (Persian)



იპოვოს, ip’ovos, to find, კიდევ ერთხელ მოვძებნოთ, k’idev ertkhel movdzebnot, to find again (Georgian)




kašādu, to find, to be sufficient, to be victorious, arrest a fugitive, criminal, defeat an enemy, seize, obtain a wish, make a journey, chase away, etc. (Akkadian)





знайсці, znajsci, to find, каб зноў знайсці, kab znoŭ znajscix, to find again (Belarusian)
pronaći, to find, pronaći ponovno,  to find again (Croatian)
znaleźć, to find, znaleźć ponownie, to find again, odkrycie, discovery, znaleziona rzecz, found thing,
(Polish)

atrast, to find, atkārtoti atrast, to find again (Latvian)
a găsi, to find, pentru a găsi din nou, to find again (Romanian)
löytää, to find, discover, strike, uncover, löytää uudelleen, to find again (Finnish-Uralic)


να βρω, na vro, to find, για να βρει ξανά, gia na vrei xaná, to find again, βρίσκω, vrísko, to find, find out, encounter, obtain, ανακαλύπτω, anakalypto, discover (Greek)
գտնել, gtnel, to find,  կրկին գտնելու համար, krkin gtnelu hamar, to find again (Armenian)
per te gjetur, to find,

për të gjetur përsëri, to find again, siguroj, to ensure
(Albanian)

aurkitu, ediren, to discover (Basque)

reperio-reperie,
repperi, repertum, to get again, find


a fháil, to find, teacht arís, to find again (Irish)
a lorg, to find, a lorg a-rithist, to find again (Scot)
i ddod o hyd i, to find, i ddod o hyd i eto, to find again, cael (caffaael), to have, receive, get, find, acquire, derive, obtain, cael hyd, to find; canfod, to see, perceive, find, behold, detect, discern, discover (Welsh)
trovare, to find,
per trovare di nuovo, to find again (Italian)
trouver, to find,
retrouver, to find again (French)


ёфтан, joftan, to find (Tajik)
 

wa/imi, to find (Luvian)

wemiya
->, 
uemiie/a, wemie/a, to find, wemiya-, (KAR), to find, to meet, piran w., to find, taksadniya?-, to find oneself, kanes-, to find out, to obtain, to point out, realize, to acknowledge, accept, pēda- appa p., to get back (Hittite)

 






to get again, find [<OE findan], discover, ascertain,
invent, win [<OE winnan, to strive], frisk, to search a person for something concealed, [<OFr. frisque, lively]

7-63


repin, Script
Z308, Z378; Z1825


repine, Script
Z1006, Z1057




pūrayati, to fill, satisfy, bharita, adj., filled, full of; sampurna,
full, replete, filled or richly furnished with, whole, entire, abundant




xshnaoma [-], satisfaction, coy (Avestan)
anboštan, انباشتن, to fill, hoard, stack, etc., bastan, بستن,  to cut off, to fill, litigate, bung, relate, etc., bârdârباردار, adj., pregnant; qan' kardan, قانع کردن,  to satisfy, kharsand, kardasn, خرسند کردن,  to satisfy, gratify, please, quench,  kharsandy, خرسندی,  satisfaction (Persian)
_akka, full (Yagnobian)
d.ak, full (Pushtu)



შევსება, shevseba, to fill, დააკმაყოფილოს, daak’maq’opilos, to satisfy (Georgian)





kapp-, to fill a vessel (Hurrian)



dapāru, to satisfy, to become sated, apālu, to give satisfaction, satisfy a legitimate demand, nešbû, satiety, satisfaction, erû, to be pregnant, to conceive, to impregnate, erītu, pregnant woman or animal, mērû, pregnancy, musallimu, to bring a pregnancy to term (Akkadian)














запаўняць, zapaŭniać, to fill, задаволіць, zadavolić, to satisfy, цяжарная, ciažarnaja, pregnant (Belarusian)
ispuniti, to fill,
zadovoljiti, to satisfy, trudna, pregnant (Croatian)
wypełnić, to fill, completny, pelnia, pelny, full,
zaspokoić, to satisfy, w ciąży, pregnant (Polish)
piepildīt, to fill,
apmierināt, to satisfy, grūtniece, pregnant (Latvian)
a umple, to fill, a satisface, to satisfy, gravidă, însărcinată, pregnant (Romanian)
täynnä, filled, täyttää, to fill, tyydyttääkseen, to satisfy, raskaana, pregnant (Finnish-Uralic)




να γεμίσω, na gemíso, to fill, pliris, gematos,
full, ικανοποιώ, ikanopoió, to satisfy, έγκυος, énkyos, pregnant   (Greek)
լրացնել, lrats’nel, to fill, բավարարել, bavararel, to satisfy, հղի, hghi, pregnant (Armenian)
për të mbushur, to fill, plot, tërë, adv. full, për të kënaqur, to satisfy, shtatzënë, me barrë, pregnant (Albanian)

bete, to fill,
asetzeko, asbete, to satisfy, haurdun, pregnant (Basque)


 

repleo-plere-plevi
pletum
; repletus-a
um
; to fill again,
satisfy; amplus-a
-um
, large,
spacious, ample, satis, sat, enough, sufficient, satisfacio, to satisfy,  praegnans-antisgravidtas-atis, pregnant


a líonadh, to fill, a shásamh, to satisfy, ag iompar clainne, pregnant (Irish)
a lìonadh, to fill, gus a bhith riaraichte, to satisfy, trom, pregnant (Scott)
i llenwi, to fill, cyflawn, complete, entire, full; diwall,
satisfied, full, perfect fflwch, adj. full, bountiful,
i fodloni, to satisfy, beichiog, pregnant (Welsh)
riempire, to fill,  pleno, completo, colmo, abbondante, amplo, sazio adj. full, per soddisfare, to satisfy, incinta, pregnant (Italian)
remplir, to fill, plein, entier,  repu, adj. full,
satisfaire, to satisfy, enceinte, pregnant (French)


ભરવુ, Bharavu, to fill (Gujarati)

 suna, suwa, to fill (Palaic)



 sunnae/sunnanzi, sunna/sunn, suue/a, sunniie/a, so, suna/sun, soa, sue/a, #šuwái, sūniya-, sunna-, to fill, sumreske/a (somreske/a?), filled, to become filled because of pregnancy,

 sunumesr?, filling, suwant-, filled, full, anku/nku, fully, rmae, rmuant, to be pregnant, rmah, to make pregnant, to be pregnant, armah-, to make pregnant, to sleep with,  amawant, pregnant, hassik (ka)nu, to satiate, hassikk, to satiate oneself, hassik-, ispāi-, to eat one's fill, ispāi-> ispai/ispi, ispae, ispiie/a, to be satiated, ispiyātar, satiation, abundance, ispan, satiation, ispiyatar, satiety klank, gangadāi-?, to satisfy, (Hittite)

 






to fill again, fill [<OE fyllan] ample, [<Lat. amplus] satisfy [<Lat. satisfacere] replete, filled, full [<OE  fyllan], pregnant,

7-64

replio (REPLIO) Script K43; see plenas

vi-vṛṇoti, apā-, to reveal, prakatay, -yati, to manifest, reveal, bring to light; vat, vatati, to apprehend,
understand, reveal, inspire devotion; avis, adv., openly,
before the eyes, make visible, reveal, show,
nirargalayati, to unbolt, udghāṭayati, to unlock






daxs, to teach, daxsta, sign (Avestan)
âskâr
kardan,  to reveal, gošudan, گشودن,  to unlock, unbolt, open,  shakar kardan, اشکار کردن,  to reveal, nashan dadan, نشان دادن,  to reveal, unravel, etc.,  unhood, unlock, unearth (Persian)
გამოვლენა, gamovlena, to reveal, უბილეთოდ, ubiletod, to  unbolt, გახსნა, gakhsna, to unlock (Georgian)


kullumu, to reveal (something hidden), reveal, to offer to a god, to assign, to produce a person, to point out, to show a document, etc., idû, to be unfamiliar with, to take cognizance of, to care for something or somebody, to be recognized, revealed, appointed, to announce, etc., petûtu, revelation?, petû, to reveal, unveil, uncover, to make an opening for a pit, a grave, building, separate, to remove, remove from office, etc., paṭāru, to be unlocked, loosen, remove, detach, purchase, reclaim, break a treaty, etc. (Akkadian)

выявіць, vyjavić, to reveal, каб адчыняць,
kab adčyniać, to unbolt, каб разблакаваць, kab razblakavać, to unlock (Belarusian)
otkriti, to reveal, za otključavanje, to unbolt, otključati, to unlock (Croatian) ujawnić, to reveal, odkręcić, to unbolt, odblokować, to unlock (Polish)
Atklāt, to reveal,

atslēgt, to unbolt,
lai atbloķētu, to unlock (Latvian)
a dezvălui, to reveal,
pentru a debloca, to unbolt, a debloca, to unlock (Romanian)
paljastaa, to reveal,
vapauttamaan, to unbolt, avata, to unlock (Finnish-Uralic)


να αποκαλύψει, na apokalýpsei, to reveal, apokalypto, deichno, emfanizo, anafero, disclose,για την αποσύνδεση, gia tin aposýndesi, to ubbolt,
για να ξεκλειδώσετε, gia na xekleidósete, to unlock,  (Greek)

բացահայտել, bats’ahaytel, to reveal, բացելու համար,
bats’elu hamar, to unbolt, unlock (Armenian)
për të shfuqizuar, to unbolt,
për të zhbllokuar, to unlock, hap, i heq shulin,
unbolt; demaskoj, unmask,
zbuloj nxjerr në
shesh, to reveal
(Albanian)

agerian uzteko, azteko, to reveal,  desblokeatzeko, to unlock, ireki, to open, unlock (Basque)

resero-are, to unbolt

a nochtadh, to reveal, chun unbolt, to unbolt, a , dhíghlasáil, to unlock (Irish)
a 'nochdadh, to reveal,
gu unbolt, to unbolt,
gus fuasgladh fhaighinn, to unlock (Scott)
i unbolt, to unbolt, amlygu, to manifest, reveal; dangos, to show, indicate, reveal, exhibit; datguddio, to
reveal, disclose, divulge,
i ddatgloi, to unlock (Welsh)
rivalare, revelare, to reveal, svitare, to unbolt, sbloccare, to unlock (Italian)
révéler, dévoler, to
reveal, open, déboulonner, to unbolt,
déverouiller, to unlock (French)



 tekkus(sa)nu, tekus(a)nu,


reveal, to show, to make present, bolt on door, or chest, tsaki, bolt on door or chest, GIŠhattalwant-, bolt, hattaluuae, to bolt, hattaluuae, to unlock, #tešha, revelation, a dream, hes-, has, kinu-, to open, kinu, to open up, has-, to open, to give birth (for a woman), to testify (for a man), siyāi-, to open by pushing, push, to stamp, flatten, to draw, to seal, to cover with a seal, to run, flow  (Hittite)






to unbolt [<OE
bolt, heavy
arrow], open
up, disclose, reveal [<Lat.
revelo-are],
to reveal] to note [<Lat. nota, mark]

7-65


resa, Script
TC108;


resan, Script
Z439, Z1423, Z144
resane, Script Z455;
rese, Script
Z1423? see reseri
resi, Script Z19

See also,
1-85:
APA, word in mural of priest loosing a bird.TA-1




rakṣati, to lay aside, keep, retain parihara, reserve,
concealment





hefz kardan, حفظ کردن, to keep, preserve, zakhire kardan, ذخیره کردن to reserve (Persian)
დაჯავშნა,
dajavshna, to reserve (Georgian)



ez
ēbu, to reserve, set aside, entrust, abandon, bequeath, kalu,
to hinder, to stop, to cause to stop, to hold back, to be held back, to be delayed, to remain, to stay, to be kept away, to cease, to stop, to linger behind, etc. (Akkadian)

у рэзерв, u rezierv, to reserve (Belarusian)
rezervirati, to reserve (Croatian)
rezerwować, to reserve (Polish)

rezervēt, to reserve (Latvian)
a rezerva, to reserve (Romanian)

varata, to reserve (Finnish-Uralic)


να κάνετε κράτηση,
na kánete krátisi, Αποθεματικό, apothematiko, to reserve, rezerba, epifylasso,
reserve (Greek)

պահելու համար, pahelu hamar, to reserve (Armenian)
për të rezervuar, to reserve (Albanian)

mantendu, to keep,
kontserbatu, to preserve, keep, erreserbatzeko, gorde, to reserve (Basque)

reservo-are

chun cúlchiste, to reserve (Irish)
gu tèarm, to reserve (Scott)
ann
x cadw
, to keep,
preserve, save, guard, hold,
i warchod, to reserve (Welsh)
riservare, to reserve  (Italian)
réserver, to reserve
(French)


parā h., sarā t.?, to keep, penna-, to keep, to drive, to make trot, to move, build, take care of,
appa har(k)-, to keep, have authority, ŠÀ-ta tarna-, to keep in the heart, to have one's heart set on doing something, huisnu- (TI-nu-), to save, make alive, to keep alive, to cleanse,  pē h., to preserve (Hittite)

to lay up, keep
[<OE
cepan]
back,
reserve,
save, preserve,
keep

7-66


reseri, Script Z1423



arālaḥ or rālaḥ, dhūnakaḥ,  sarja- rasaḥ, vrksaniryasa, gum, resin; niryasa, exudation of trees, juice, resin, milk, etc.



râtiyâne, ratynh, راتینه resin   (Persian)
ფისოვანი,  pisovani, resin (Georgian)


ḫīlu, resin, exudation of plants,  alabītu, a resin,  qatrā nu, cedar resin,  za’u ,resin, *ilbanītu, resin of the ilabānu-plant (Akkadian)

смала, smala, resin (Belarusian)
smola, resin (Croatian)
zywica, resin
(Polish)

sveķi, resin (Latvian)  RĂŞINĂ, resin (Romanian)
hartsi, resin (Finnish-Uralic)

ρητίνη, ritíni, resin (Greek)
խեժ, khezh, resin (Armenian)
rrëshirë
, resin
(Albanian)

erretxin, resin (Baque)


resina-ae, resin

roisín, resin (Irish)
ròiseid, resin (Scott)
rhwsin
, resin (Welsh)
resina, resin (Italian)
résine, resin  (French)


રેઝિન, Rējhina, resin (Gujarati)
reçine, resin,
sakız, gum mastic, resin (Turkish)
шайыр,
şayır, resin (Kazakh)

qatron, smola, resin (Uzbek)
қатрон
чайыр, qatron, resin (Tajik)
çayır, resin (Kyrgyz)
давирхай, davirkhai, resin (Mongolian)
樹脂, Shùzhī, resin (Traditional Chinese)



hrnai, resin, sap, tuhhuessar, smoking resin, (Hittite)


resin,

7-67


RESiN, Script
Z412
resin, Script Z114
resine, Script
Z865, Z990
RESiNS,
Script Z1408


avasa, rest,
liberation; vizanti, rest, repose, cessation, end,
jīvati, to survive




esterâhat, استراحت, n. rest, esterâhat kardán, استراحت کردن,  to rest, repose, budan, بودن,  to survive, live, stand, dwell (Persian)
დასვენება,
dasveneba, to rest, გადარჩენა, gadarchena, to survive (Georgian)


izuzzu, to stand, kalû, to remain, to be finished, to stay, keep in custody, to stop, to be closed, prevent, to stay, etc., ašābu, somewhere, sit down, wait, sit idly, mourn, officiate (of kings, etc.), reside, populated, to live, (Akkadian)

для адпачынку,
dlia adpačynku, to rest, каб выжыць, kab vyžyć, to survive (Belarusian)
za odmor, to rest, preživjeti, to survive (Croatian)
odpocząć, to rest, przetrwać, to survive
(Polish)
atpūsties, to rest, lai izdzīvotu, to survive (Latvian)
să se odihnească, to rest,  a supravietui, to survive  (Romanian)
levätä, to rest, selvitä hengissä, to survive (Finnish-Uralic)


για να ξεκουραστείτε, gia na xekourasteíte, to rest, ypoloipo, anapafsi,
anapavomai; epizo, epibiono, survive (Greek)

հանգստանալու համար, hangstanalu hamar, to rest, գոյատեւելու համար, goyatevelu hamar, to survive (Armenian)
për të pushuar, to rest, 
vazhdoj të
ekzistoj
to survive (Albanian)

atseden, to rest,
bizirik iraun, to survive
(Basque)

resto-stare-stiti

a gcuid eile, to rest, chun maireachtáil, to survive (Irish)
gus fois a ghabhail, to rest, gus mairsinn, to survive (Scott)
i orffwys, to rest, dadflino, to rest, i oroesi, to survive (Welsh)
riposare, to rest,
sopravvivere, to survive (Italian)
reposer, to rest,
survivre, to survive (French)


āra- [B āra-], to stop, cease, make an end to, give up, ārlune*, stopping, käly- [B käly-], ceasing,  to stand (Tocharian)


krie/a, to rest or pause,


saguantrie/a,

rest, to remain, to stay, to be neglected, to be unvisited, to be untended, to be uncelebrated, sakuwantariya-, to rest, stop, husue/a/ huisue/a, to survive to stay alive, piran arha p., to survive from someone (Hittite)


to rest, make a
stand, stand still, stay behind, survive [<LLat. supevivere]  to await, sedentary, [<Lat., sedentarius], characterized by much sitting

7-68


resta, Script R258
resteu, resteb (RESTE8),
Script N87
RESTvM,
Script TC-7




ānāya, fisherman's net, jālam, net, pāśaḥ, snare










dâm, دام net (Persian)
xსაფრთხე, saprtkhe, net (Georgian)



ešešû, šētu, net, ešēšu, to catch in a net, ašāšu, to catch in a net, engulf, overwhelm, gungītu, littû, pasuttu, pūgu, šēšûa, šēšû, šuškallu, net, kātimtu, fowler or fisherman's net, kumiru, caught in a net or trap?, , net, capillary (on the ext and the body), filament, flax, string, thread, web, musaḫḫiptu, net for gazelle hunting, mutīrtu, fowler's net or part of it, double door, *qaštu, qualifying a type of net, naḫḫalu, net, snare, ḫadālu, to net, to knot, alluappu, net used for hunting and warfare, a net-like sack, demon (Akkadian) 






пастка, pastka, net (Belarusian)
zamka, net (Croatian)

sidła, net (Polish)

ļaundaris, net (Latvian)

cursă, net (Romanian)
netto, net (Finnish-Uralic)


xπαγίδα, pagída, net (Greek)
թակարդը, t’akardy, net (Armenian)
kurth, net (Albanian)

sare, net (Basque)


rete-is net

glan, net (Irish)
lìon, net (Scott)
llawr, snare (Welsh)
rete
, net, snare (Italian)
rets, net, snare (French)


ચોખ્ખી, Cōkhkhī, net (Gujarati)
ağ, net (Turkish)
таза, taza, net (Kazakh)
aniq, net (Uzbek)
холис, xolis, net (Tajik)
тор, tor, net (Kyrgyz)
цэвэр,
tsever, net (Mongolian)
淨, Jìng, net (Traditional Chinese)



ekt, akti, net, hunting net (Hittite)


net [<OE nett]

7-69

ret, Script PL-11, CJ-7
This is an area of the Piacenza Liver

svapna, svapa, sleep, dream
 xâb, خواب, to dream, sleep, repose, royâ, رویا dream, xâbidanخوابیدن, to sleep (Persian)

ოცნება, otsneba, to dream, ძილი, dzili, to sleep (Georgian)

iltu, mašarrû, šuttu, dream, mupašširu, dream interpreter, to inspect, let see, etc., dullupu, heavy eyed, sleepy, arṭibi, šabrû, dream interpreter, šabrûtu, offfice of the šabrû, palāḫu, to respect, show respect, kabātu, to pay respect to gods, to parents,  to respect an oath,  rich, to become painful, to honor a person, honored, to give honor, to be honored, to hatch (said of a bird), fat, lethargic, etc., zaqīqu, the god of dreams, haunted place, nothingness, phantom, ghost, foolishness, soul,  (Akkadian)

марыць, maryć, to dream, спаць, spać, to sleep (Belarusian)
sanjati, to dream,
spavati, to sleep (Croatian)
marzyc, to dream,
spać, to sleep (Polish)
sapņot, to dream,
gulēt, to sleep (Latvian)

să visezi, to dream, a dormi, to sleep, (Romanian)
unta, to dream, nukkua, to sleep ((Finnish-Uralic)


να ονειρευτώ, na oneireftó, to dream,  να κοιμηθώ, na koimithó, to sleep
(Greek)

երազել, yerazel, to dream, քնել, k’nel, to sleep (Armenian)
te enderrosh, to dream, për të fjetur, to sleep 
 
(Albanian)

ametsa, dream,
lo egin, to sleep (Basque)

somnio-are, to
dream; revereor
vereri-veritus, to
revere
,  respect, fear,
dormio-ire-ivi-itum, to sleep, be asleep


chun aisling, to dream, codail, to sleep (Irish)
gu aisling, to dream, a chadal to sleep (Sott)
breuddwydio, to dream,
i gysgu, to sleep (Welsh)
sognare, to dream, dormire, to sleep
(Italian)
rever, to dream, dormir, coucher, to sleep (French)


સ્વપ્ન જોવું, Svapna jōvuṁ, to dream (Gujarati)
rüya görmek, hayal etmek, to dream, uyumak, to sleep (Turkish)
армандау, armandaw, to dream,
ұйықтау,
uyıqtaw, to sleep (Kazakh)
orzu qilmoq, to dream, uxlamoq, to sleep (Uzbek)

кыялдануу, kıyaldanuu, to dream, уктоо, uktoo, to sleep (Kyrgyz)
мөрөөдөх,
möröödökh, to dream, унтах, untakh, to sleep (Mongolian)
做夢, Zuòmèng, to dream, 睡覺, Shuìjiào, to sleep (Traditional Chinese)

spam [B spane], sleep (Tocharian)



zashāi-, zazhāi-, zashi-, zazhi-,  (), n. dream, u, dream, tshai/tshi, dream, tshai/tshit, tesha, a dream, sleep, #tešha, a dream, a revelation, tesha, tesha-, (Ù-a-), dream, sleep, teshali, sleepy?, teshaniie/a, teshanie/a, dream, to appear in a dream revelation, teshaniya-, to dream, sleep, seszi, ses/sas, to sleep,  ses/ss, to sleep, to rest, to lie down, sasnu, ssnu, to sleep with someone, sup, #šupparija, supparija, suppiie/a, suppariie/a, suprie/a, suppariya to sleep, supruant, sleepy, sst(a), sleep, bed,  armah-, to sleep with, pregnant, to make pregnant (Hittite)








to dream,[<OE
dream, joy] to
muse, rave,
yearn; to revere,
respect, fear?, doze, [<probably of Scand. origin], to sleep lightly, psst, a vocalization used to attract someone's attention surreptitiously, to awaken someone

7-70


rev (RE8) PL-33
reva (RE8A), Script Au17, Au74, Au20
revo (RE8V), Script N216
revi (RE8I) or revio (RE8IV), Script K136


 

Notes:

(1) In the Avesta, Vendidad, Fargard 5.25, is the term, "Ratu" which is a priest, like "Rsis" in the Rig Veda. The Ratu has the power to remit sin. The corruption of the dead is addressed in the Vendidad; the corpse being called a nasai, and the devas or demon that corrupts it is called a Nasu. See Indo-European_Table1B.1.html, Note (1).
(2) Thanks to Constantin Cucu for his contribution on the Romanian language.

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